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Download Handout 2 –2 Brain Structure Functions Handout 2-2 driving
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Chapter 2 Neuroscience and Behavior: Handout 2 – 2 Handout 2 –2 Cerebellum Brain stem Medulla Pons Reticular formation Thalamus Limbic System Hypothalamus Amygdala Hippocampus Corpus Callosum Cerebral Cortex Frontal Lobe Motor Cortex Broca’s area Prefrontal cortex Brain Structure Functions Handout 2-2 driving functions Influences memory and learning; Coordinates voluntary movement and balance Coordinates left and right hand movements on the steering wheel Controls heartbeat & breathing Regulates breathing and heart rate while we concentrate on driving Assists in the coordination of driving motions and in alertness Controls arousal & monotony Regulates our alertness or drowsiness while we are at the wheel Switchboard between sensory neurons and higher brain regions that deal with seeing, hearing, tasting and touching Relays visual and auditory cues to areas of the cerebrum Regulates thirst, hunger, body temperature and sexual behavior. Controls maintenance functions, i.e., eating; Linked to emotion & reward center Makes us aware when we are too hot or too cold ( to adjust the temperature controls), too hungry or thirsty, or in need of a restroom stop Emotion, such as aggression, rage and fear [and anxiety] May be active during road rage [i.e., anger generated by another driver behaving recklessly.] Memory Contributes to the formation of memories or road hazards for future trips Shares sensory and motor driving information from both hemispheres Speaking, muscle movements; making plans & judgments Moves body parts; sends messages out to the body; controls voluntary movements Initiates driving actions [e.g., moves the right foot to the gas or brake pedals]. Initiates conversations with passengers or other drivers Enables people to feel remorse or learn moral behavior, to make oral decisons Helps us in planning our routes [e.g., if we notice a hazard or detour Parietal lobe: Includes sensory cortex Helps us determine if our car may fit into a parking space (right parietal lobe). Somatosensory cortex Occipital lobe: visual cortex Temporal lobe: Auditory cortex Wernicke’s area Incoming messages from skin and movement of the body parts; registers & processes body sensations Register the pressure of the right foot on the gas pedal. Ask students to trace the pathway from the right foot to the somatosensory cortex. receives visual info from opposite visual field Processes the visual road signals (e.g., stop lights, speed limit signs) Auditory Processes the sounds of other vehicles (e.g., sirens, horns, passing vehicles) Processes speech sounds from passengers, other drivers, police officers.