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BTY100-Lec#4.2 DNA to Protein (Central Dogma) Created By: Mamta Sharma © LPU : BTY100 Outline • Gene • Central Dogma: DNA to Protein – Replication – Transcription – Translation © LPU : BTY100 GENE A Gene is a segment of DNA and is located on the chromosome. Gene specifies the structure of particular protein that make up each cell. © LPU : BTY100 Structure of Gene Composed of Exons Introns(absent in prokaryotes) Control elements © LPU : BTY100 Parts of Gene Exon – Coding sequence Intron – Non coding sequence Only present in Eukaryotes!! © LPU : BTY100 Central Dogma: DNA to Protein © LPU : BTY100 DNA Replication Process of producing two identical replicas from one original DNA molecule. It occurs with the help of a lot of enzymes/catalyst. © LPU : BTY100 Transcription: Process of Formation of RNA from DNA © LPU : BTY100 TRANSLATION: Process by which RNA (mRNA) produced by transcription is decoded by a ribosome complex to produce a protein Example???. © LPU : BTY100 TRANSLATION © LPU : BTY100 Amino Acid Chain © LPU : BTY100 Protein structure Further Foldings © LPU : BTY100 Next Class: Manipulating Genes © LPU : BTY100