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Transcript
Name: _____________________ Cell City Floating around in the cytoplasm are small structures called organelles. Like the organs in your own body, each one carries out a specific function necessary for the cell to survive. Imagine the cell as a miniature city. The organelles might represent companies, places or parts of the city because they each have specific jobs. Below are the descriptions of the important parts of the Cell City. A. City Limits – Controls what goes in and out of the city. B. Road System – Sends messages and materials from one part of the city to another, within the Municipality. C. City Hall – Controls all the activities of the city. D. Municipality – The area within the City Limits where all parts of city are located and residents move about under the control of City Hall. E. City Planning Office – The office in City Hall that stores the plans for the construction and operation of the city. F. Parts Factory – Makes all of the various pieces a city needs, from building supplies to road equipment and more. G. Warehouse – Stores materials needed by the city. H. Solar Power Plant – Captures and transforms the sun’s energy into a form the Power Company can use. I. Walls – In ancient times, the City Limits were surrounded by walls for protection. J. Infrastructure – The wiring, plumbing and steel girders that hold up buildings and support the Municipality, allowing the city to grow over time. K. Power Company – Releases energy for the city from either imported materials (like fossil fuels) or internally produced energy sources (Solar Power Plant). L. Recycling Center – Old and broken items are turned back into raw materials for later use by the Parts Factory. M. Global Packing and Shipping – Sends messages and materials beyond the City Limits. As you move through this worksheet, see if you can match the important parts of the city listed above to the specific organelles found in cells. Be sure to write neatly, and in complete sentences. Chromosome Cytoskeleton Lysosome 1. The nucleus is a large, round/oval structure usually located near the center of the cell. It is the control center for all the activities of the cell. i) What company or place does the nucleus resemble in a Cell City? ii) Why do you think so? i)_____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ii)_____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ 2. The cell membrane is a thin, flexible envelope that surrounds the cell. It allows the cell to change shape and controls what goes into and out of the cell. i) What company or place does the cell membrane resemble in a Cell City? ii) Why do you think so? i)_____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ii)_____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 3. The jelly-like area between the nucleus and the cell membrane is called the cytoplasm. It helps organelles move throughout the cell. i) What company or place does the cytoplasm resemble in a Cell City? ii) Why do you think so? i) _____________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ii) ____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ 4. The mitochondria are tiny bean-shaped structures in the cytoplasm with a smooth outer membrane, and a greatly folded inner membrane. They supply the energy for the cell by transforming sugars into energy. i) What company or place does the mitochondria resemble in a Cell City? ii) Why do you think so? i) _____________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ii) ____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5. The chromosomes are rod-X shaped bodies found in the nucleus. They are made of DNA and protein. They contain all the information to run the cell. They also pass on the hereditary traits of the cell to new cells. i) What company or place do the chromosomes resemble in a Cell City? ii) Why do you think so? i) _____________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ii) ____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ 6. The chloroplast is an oval, green structure found in the cytoplasm. It contains chlorophyll. It captures the sun’s energy and uses it to produce sugars in a process called photosynthesis. i) What company or place do the chloroplasts resemble in a Cell City? ii) Why do you think so? i)_____________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ii) ____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 7. The vacuole is a large, round sac found in the cytoplasm. It stores water, food, wastes, or other materials needed by the cell. i) What company or place does the vacuole resemble in a Cell City? ii) Why do you think so? i) _____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ii) ____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ 8. The cell wall is the outermost layer in a plant cell. It is a rigid layer that maintains the shape of the cell and protects the cell. i) What company or place does the cell wall resemble in a Cell City? ii) Why do you think so? i) ____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ii) ____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9. The lysosome is an enzyme filled sac that works with vacuoles to break down old cell parts, waste materials and cellular invaders into raw materials that the cell can reuse. i) What company or place does the lysosome resemble in a Cell City? ii) Why do you think so? i) ____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ii) ____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ 10. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a series of tubes throughout the cell that allow for the movement of proteins and lipids. The ER comes in two varieties, smooth and rough. i) What company or place does the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) resemble in a Cell City? ii) Why do you think so? i) ____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ii) ____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ 11. The golgi bodies pack proteins for export outside of the cell. The proteins are wrapped in a membrane called a vesicle, which becomes part of the cell membrane. i) What company or place does the golgi bodies resemble in a Cell City? ii) Why do you think so? i) ____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ii) ____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ 12. The ribosomes are the protein factories of the cell. They make all of the parts that become cell organelles and cellular messages. They are found throughout the cell in the cytoplasm and attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. i) What company or place does the ribosome resemble in a Cell City? ii) Why do you think so? i) ____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ii) ____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ 13. The cytoskeleton is the protein framework that supports all of the organelles within the cytoplasm. The cytoskeleton allows the cell to change shape, grow and divide. i) What company or place does the cytoskeleton resemble in a Cell City? ii) Why do you think so? i) ____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ii) ____________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ Draw your Cell City below using all 13 parts of the cells covered in this packet. Must be colored to earn full credit.