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Transcript
Name __________________________ Date ____________ Period ________ CP Bio Cells & Cell Transport Test Review Cell Organelles & Functions 1. Complete the chart below for all of the organelles. Organelle Function Cell Membrane Control center of the cell, contains the DNA Chloroplast Cytoplasm Site of protein synthesis Cell Wall Where energy (ATP) is produced for the cell. Known as the powerhouse of the cell. Golgi Body Controls what goes in and out of the nucleus Stores water for the cell. Plant cells have one large central. Animal cells small and numerous. Transports membrane and secretory proteins inside of a cell from the nucleus to the Golgi Body via transport vesicles. Nucleolus 1. List the 4 structures that are common to all cells (both prokaryotic and eukaryotic), and define their function. 1. 2. 3. 4. 2. Why are prokaryotic cells so much smaller than eukaryotic cells? (What are prokaryotic cells missing? Give a few examples) 3. Based on your answer to number 2, why is it okay for prokaryotic cells to be so small (aka: how can they still function)? 4. Put the following terms in order from smallest to largest: organism, tissue, organelle, cell, organ, organ system ______________ _______________ _________________ ______________ ________________ __________________ 5. List the 3 parts of the cell theory. 1. 2. 3. 6. Use the terms cell membrane, rough ER, Golgi Body, transport vesicle, and secretory vesicle to describe how proteins are made in a cell, then leave a cell. You may draw a picture and number the steps if you would prefer. Cell Transport 1. What is a concentration gradient? 2. Explain passive transport, and then match the three forms of passive transport to their proper definitions. A. Passive Transport is: The three types are: 1. Diffusion ______ 2. Osmosis _______ 3. Facilitated Diffusion _________ A. Some molecules like glucose and large proteins are too big to get across the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane so they need a HELPER. The helper is a carrier protein in the cell membrane that allows these large particles to move into a cell. This requires no ATP and molecules still move from a higher concentration level to a lower concentration level. B. This is the diffusion of water. Requires no ATP from the cell and moves water from where it is found in a higher concentration to a lower concentration. C. When molecules spread from an area of where they are found to be in a higher concentration to an area where they are found in a lower concentration. (Food coloring spreading out in water, or iodine moving into the dialysis tubing). 3. Explain active transport, and then match the three forms of active transport to their proper definitions. A. Active transport is: The three types of active transport and their definitions are: 1. Endocytosis _______ 2. Exocytosis ________ 4. Sodium Potassium Pump _______ A. When solid particles or liquids are pushed OUT of a cell, this requires energy (ATP) for a cell to move molecules this way. B. When solid particles or liquids are brought IN to a cell, this requires energy (ATP) for a cell to move molecules this way. C. This form of transport uses a protein in the cell membrane that pumps three sodium (Na) ions out of the cell and in exchange pulls two potassium (K) ions into the cell to keep the heart beating. This form of transport uses energy (ATP) to run the protein pump. 3. Draw a red blood cell in an isotonic, hypertonic, and hypotonic solution. Draw dots to show the solute concentration and draw arrows to show which way the water would move. (Osmosis) Explain why water is moving via osmosis in the direction it is moving in. Isotonic Hypertonic Hypotonic 5. How do you know the dialysis tubing was semi-permeable? (What could move? What couldn’t move?)