Download Unit 7 Review – DNA Replication, Gene Expression, and Gene

Unit 7 Review – DNA Replication, Gene Expression, and Gene
Technology
What are the stages in DNA replication? What enzymes are involved?
Where does replication take place?
What are the two major roles of DNA polymerase in replication?
What does DNA helicase do?
What is the central dogma of biology?
What is the end product of transcription? Where does it happen? What is the main
enzyme involved?
What is the end product of translation? Where does it happen? What is the role of
the ribosome in translation? What is the role of mRNA and tRNA?
Name 3 ways that RNA nucleotides are different from DNA nucleotides.
What mechanism ensures that mRNA molecules correctly represent the information
contained on the DNA?
How are mRNA nucleotides read ? How many nucleotides at a time are read off of
the molecule.
What is the role of tRNA?
What organelle is involved in translation?
What are proteins made of?
What are nucleic acids made of ?
Possible essay question: Explain the steps in gene expression. Provide details about
location of various processes, molecules and enzymes involved, the role of basepairing rules, etc. How do we go from a gene to the expression of a phenotypic trait
in a living organism?
What is recombinant DNA?
Name some ways gene technology is beneficial to society.
Name some ways gene technology is potentially harmful to society.
Possible essay question: Describe the steps in a recombinant DNA experiment. Make
sure you describe the actors involved in the process (e.g. donor gene, chromosome,
vector, restriction enzyme, DNA ligase, target organism, cloning, etc.)
What are some drugs that we make with recombinant DNA techniques? What do
those drugs do?
How do cells control which genes are expressed? Why would it not be beneficial to
a cell to express all of its genes at the same time?
Name three potential environmental causes of genetic mutations:
Why does a nucleotide insertion or deletion mutation affect a gene more than a
nucleotide substitution mutation?
Name two genes that were in the pGlo plasmid.
Review for EOC!
What gas do plants produce during photosynthesis?
Do plants respire? Do animals perform photosynthesis?
What organelle “directs” the functioning of the rest of the cell?
What do the following organelles do:
Nucleus?
Ribosome?
Endoplasmic Reticulum?
If you were to place a cell in a very salty solution, what do you predict would happen
to it? Why?