Download Contemporary Biology Per

Contemporary Biology Per. 4
Halliwell/Mortara
Study Guide
Test #2 Chapter 3
Important Scientists – Cell Theory
Fill in the blanks.
1. Robert Hooke made a simple microscope and was the first scientist to look at
________ ______ under a microscope.
2. A ______ is the basic unit of structure and function in a _________ organism.
3. Matthias Schleiden concluded that all _______ are made up of cells.
4. ________ _________ reported that all ________ are made up of cells.
5. Robert Virchow concluded that cells must come from ___________ cells.
6. What are Three Principles of Cell Theory?
1) _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
2) _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
3) _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Types of Microscopes
7. A transmission electron microscope is
______________________________________________________________.
8. A compound light microscope is a microscope that uses _________ and a
series of ________ to magnify an image.
9. A scanning electron microscope is
________________________________________________________________.
Cell Boundaries
10. All cells must maintain balance, or ___________, regardless of external or
internal conditions.
11. The plasma membrane, the boundary between the cell and its environment,
is ____________ ___________________ meaning that only some substances
can pass in and out of the cell.
12. The cell membrane is made up of the __________ ____________ which is
two layers of lipids back to back.
Passive Transport
13. Passive transport is defined as when substances cross the membrane
without the cell expending ______________.
14. Types of Passive Transport ___________: random movement of molecules from areas of high
concentration to low concentration.
____________ __________: uses a ________ protein to help molecules
move through the membrane.
___________: the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable
membrane.
Solutions
15. When two solutions have equal solute concentrations, they are said to be
_____________.
16. When one solution has a lower solute concentration than another solution,
they are said to be _____________.
17. When one solution has a higher solute concentration than another solution,
they are said to be _____________.
Active Transport
18. Active transport requires the cell to use ________ to move molecules from
low to _____ concentration.
Cell Terms to Know
19. A prokaryote is a cell that does not have a ____________.
20. A ____________ is a cell that does have a nucleus.
Organelles
21. What is an organelle? _________________________________________
Know your Organelles and Cell Structures!
Cell membrane:
Plant cell, animal cell, or both? ____________________
Function:
Cell wall:
Plant cell, animal cell, or both? ____________________
Function:
Nucleus:
Plant cell, animal cell, or both? ____________________
Function:
Cytoplasm:
Plant cell, animal cell, or both? ____________________
Function:
Lysosome:
Plant cell, animal cell, or both? ____________________
Function:
Vacuole:
Plant cell, animal cell, or both? ____________________
Function:
Chromosome:
Plant cell, animal cell, or both? ____________________
Function:
Chloroplast:
Plant cell, animal cell, or both? ____________________
Function:
Centriole:
Plant cell, animal cell, or both? ____________________
Function:
Cytoskeleton:
Plant cell, animal cell, or both? ____________________
Function:
Mitochondrion:
Plant cell, animal cell, or both? ____________________
Function:
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum:
Plant cell, animal cell, or both? ____________________
Function:
Rough endoplasmic reticulum:
Plant cell, animal cell, or both? ____________________
Function:
Ribosome:
Plant cell, animal cell, or both? ____________________
Function:
Nucleolus:
Plant cell, animal cell, or both? ____________________
Function:
Golgi apparatus:
Plant cell, animal cell, or both? ____________________
Function: