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Transcript
Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes Cells Prokaryotes Bacteria Eukaryotes Fungi Protists Archaea Plant Animal Cell History Prokaryotic • Ancient cells • First type of cell • Primitive cells Eukaryotic • Modern cells Two Cell Types Prokaryotic Eukaryotic Prokaryotic Cells Pili Prokaryotic Cells • No membrane bound nucleus • Nucleoid = region of DNA concentration • Organelles not bound by membranes Eukaryotic Cells • Nucleus bound by membrane • Include fungi, protists, plant, and animal cells • Possess many organelles Protozoan Structure Functions Draw a bacteria cell and label the following parts and describe the function: • Flagellum • Pili • Capsule • Cell Wall • Plasma Membrane • Ribosomes • DNA Flagellum • Hair-like structure • Used for locomotion movement Pili • Tiny hair-like structures that branch out from cell wall • Attach to host tissue or cell gives them the ability to cause infection • Used for conjugation (sending genes) Capsule • Protects from drying out • provides protection against phagocytosis from immune cells Cell Wall • Makes cell rigid and gives it shape • An anchor for pili and flagella Comparison Chart Attributes Cell Size Cell Organization Presence of Organelles Nucleus DNA Ribosomes ATP Cell Wall Type of Organisms Size of Organisms Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Cell Size Cell Size Prokaryotic • Smaller cells • 1 to 10 µm Eukaryotic • Larger cells • 10 to 100 µm Cell Size Comparison Cell Organization Prokaryotic Simple cells with all parts in “one room” Eukaryotic Complex cells with many compartments Presence of Organelles Prokaryotic • Ribosomes only Eukaryotic • Many, specialized organelles Nucleus Prokaryotic NONE! Eukaryotic Present DNA Prokaryotic • DNA is loose in the cytoplasm • DNA held of circular chromosome Eukaryotic • DNA is protected in the nucleus bound by a membrane • DNA held on linear chromosomes Ribosomes Prokaryotic • Small (70s) Eukaryotic • Large (80s) ATP Prokaryotic • Production occurs in infolded regions of the cell surface membrane called mesosomes Eukaryotic • Production occurs in mitochondria Cell Wall Prokaryotic • Peptidoglyan based (if present) Eukaryotic • Cellulose based (if present) Type of Organisms Prokaryotic Bacteria only! Archaea Eukaryotic Plants, Animals, Fungi, and Protists Size of Organisms Prokaryotic • Always unicellular • Bacteria are cell size: 1 to 10 µm Eukaryotic • Mostly multi-cellular • Range from cell size (10µm) to the size of a sequoia tree (83 m) Representative Animal Cell Representative Plant Cell
