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Transcript
Do Now List and define all the life functions Cell Structures, Functions and Transport Objectives: 1. 2. 3. 4. Explain cell theory. Compare /contrast Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Identify cell organelles Differ between animal and plant cells Definition of Cell A cell is the smallest unit of life that can perform ALL the life functions. Cell Theory All living things are made up of cells. Cells are the smallest working units of all living things. All cells come from preexisting cells through cell division. Examples of Cells Amoeba Proteus Plant Stem Bacteria Red Blood Cell Nerve Cell Two Types of Cells • Eukaryotic • Prokaryotic Prokaryotic Cell • Prokaryotes – No nucleus – No membrane bound organelles – Unicellular – Some have cilia (hair-like structures) and some flagella (whip-like tail) for movement. Example: Amoeba, bacteria Eukaryotic Cell Contain organelles surrounded by membranes Most living organisms, (multicellular) Plant Animal Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes Prokaryotes No nucleus No organelles Bacteria Much smaller Unicellular Cilia flagella Amoeba Eukaryotes Nucleus Organelles Unicellular (protists) and multicellular (animal and plants) Plant Cell Animal Cell http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/images/cell.gif Plant Cell Cell Parts Organelles little organs inside of a cell. They are used to: transport of materials capture and release energy Building proteins waste disposal Send and receive information movement Cell membrane Cell wall cytoplasm Nucleus Chromosomes Endoplasmic reticulum Smooth / rough Ribosomes Mitochondria Golgi bodies Vacuoles Lysozome Chloroplast Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Section 7-2 Go to Section: Animal Cell Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html Cell membrane Nickname: “The Fence” Function: Controls movement in and out of the cell Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function Nucleus Nickname: “The Control Center” Function: holds the DNA Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function Ribosomes Nickname: “Construction Workers” Function: makes proteins Found in all cells, prokaryotic and eukaryotic Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) 3. Nickname: “Cellular Highway” Function: The internal delivery system of the cell Endoplasmic Reticulum 2 Types: 1. Rough ER: 2. Rough appearance because it has ribosomes Function: helps make proteins, that’s why it has ribosomes Smooth ER: NO ribosomes Function: makes fats or lipids Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function Golgi Bodies Nickname: The Post office Function: packages, modifies, and transports materials to different locations inside/outside of the cell. Appearance: stack of pancakes Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function Lysosomes: circular, but bigger than ribosomes) 5. Nickname: “Cellular Stomach” Function: digests food into small particles the rest of the cell can use and to destroy old cells. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function Mitochondria 6. Nickname: “The Powerhouse” Function: Energy formation Breaks down food to make ATP ATP: is the major fuel for all cell activities that require energy Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Section 7-2 Plant Cell Now let’s talk about structures only found in PLANT Cells!! Go to Section: Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function Vacuoles Function: stores water This is what makes lettuce crisp When there is no water, the plant wilts Found in animal cells too, but much smaller. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function Chloroplasts 8. Function: traps energy from the sun to produce food for the plant cell Green in color because of chlorophyll, which is a green pigment Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function Cell Wall 9. Function: provides support and protection to the cell membrane Found outside the cell membrane in plant cells Plant vs. Animal Cells Plants Cell wall Chloroplasts Animals Cell membrane Smaller vacuoles Large vacuole Centrioles- help organize cell division. N/A N/A N/A N/A Practice questions Directions: Describe three differences between the STRUCTURES of Animal and Plant Cells. (Do not say one is found in animals and one is found in plants!!!!!) __________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ List the three parts of the cell theory. 1______________________________ 2_______________________________ 3______________________________