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BELLWORK
• Name one function of the cell
membrane.
• Class Answer:
• Act as a barrier between the cell and
it’s environment.
• Maintain homeostasis.
Learning Goal
• Understand Cell Structures and
functions
Chapter 7.3 notes
• Take out your notes from yesterday
What are the other parts of the
membrane?
• Cholesterol keeps the fatty acid tails
from sticking together, keeps the
membrane stable.
• Carbohydrates stick out from the cell
surface to help cells identify chemical
signals.
Membrane Proteins
Transport proteins allow things to move
through the plasma membrane
Channel protein – always open
Carrier protein – only open to certain
substances
Membrane Proteins
CELL STRUCTURES,
FUNCTIONS AND TRANSPORT
Animal Cells
• Cytoplasm
• Cytoskeleton
- The environment
−The supporting
inside the plasma
membrane
- Semifluid material
network of protein
fibers that provide
a framework for
the cell
−microfibers and
microtublues
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Section 7-2
Animal Cell
Cytoplasm
Cell Membrane
Go to
Section:
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
1. Nucleus
Nickname: “The Control Center”
• Function: holds the DNA
• Parts:
1. Nucleolus: dark spot in the
middle of the nucleus that
makes ribosomes
•
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Animal Cell
Section 7-2
Cytoplasm
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Go to
Section:
Cell Membrane
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
2. Ribosomes
•
Function: makes proteins
• Found in all cells, prokaryotic and
eukaryotic
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Animal Cell
Section 7-2
Cytoplasm
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Go to
Section:
Ribosomes
Cell Membrane
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
3. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Nickname: “Roads”
• Function: The internal delivery
system of the cell, ships proteins
and lipids
•
Endoplasmic Reticulum “ER”
1.Rough ER:
•Rough appearance because it has
ribosomes
•Function: helps make proteins,
that’s why it has ribosomes
2.Smooth ER:
•NO ribosomes
•Function: makes fats or lipids
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Animal Cell
Section 7-2
Cytoplasm
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Rough
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Go to
Section:
Ribosomes
Cell Membrane
Smooth
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
4. Golgi Complex
•
Nickname: The Mail Man
• Function: packages, modifies,
and transports materials to
different location inside/outside of
the cell
• Appearance: stack of pancakes
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Animal Cell
Section 7-2
Cytoplasm
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Rough Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Golgi Complex
Go to
Section:
Ribosomes
Cell Membrane
Smooth Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
5. Lysosomes: circular (but bigger than
ribosomes)
• Nickname: “Clean-up Crews”
• Function: to break down food into
particles the rest of the cell can use
and to destroy old organelles
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Animal Cell
Section 7-2
Cytoplasm
Nucleolus
Ribosomes
Nucleus
Cell Membrane
Smooth Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Rough Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Golgi Bodies
Lysosomes
Go to
Section:
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
6. Mitochondria
Nickname: “The Powerhouse”
• Function: Energy formation
• Breaks down food to make
ATP
• ATP: is the major fuel for all cell
activities that require energy
•
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Animal Cell
Section 7-2
Cytoplasm
Nucleolus
Ribosomes
Nucleus
Cell Membrane
Mitochondria
Smooth Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Rough Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Golgi Bodies
Lysosomes
Plant cells
• Plant cells have some organelles that
animal cells do not have
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
1. Large Vacuoles (animals may have
a much smaller vacuole)
• Function: stores water
• This is what makes lettuce crisp
• When there is no water, the plant
wilts
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Section 7-2
Plant Cell
Vacuole
Cell Membrane
Go to
Section:
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
2.
Chloroplasts
• Function: traps energy from the
sun to produce food for the plant
cell
• Green in color because of
chlorophyll, which is a green
pigment
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Plant Cell
Section 7-2
Vacuole
Chloroplasts
Cell Membrane
Go to
Section:
Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function
3. Cell Wall
•
Function: provides support and
protection to the cell membrane
• Found outside the cell membrane
in plant cells
Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Plant Cell
Section 7-2
Vacuole
Chloroplasts
Cell Membrane
Cell Wall
Go to
Section:
Plant Cell
Cytoplasm
Vacuole
Smooth ER
Ribosomes
Chloroplasts
Cell Membrane
Cell Wall
Nucleolus
Golgi Bodies
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Rough ER
Comparing Plant and Animal Cells
Plant
Animal
Comparing Plant, Animal and Prokaryotic
Cells
Plant
Animal
Prokaryotes