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Transcript
1) MOLECULE: Two or more atoms chemically bonded together. FOR EXAMPLE: O + O O2 H+H+O H 2O 6C + 12H + 6O C6H12O6 2) CONCENTRATION: The degree to which molecules are packed together. LOW HIGH 3) DIFFUSION: The movement of molecules from an area where their concentration is high to an area where their concentration is low. Diffusion of food coloring in water. Don’t copy this slide just watch. High concentration Equal concentration Low concentration Diffusion of food coloring in water. High concentration Low concentration Equal concentration 4) SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE MEMBRANE: A membrane that permits only certain particles to pass through. (FOR EXAMPLE: The cell membrane allows water and oxygen to pass through freely). High Concentration Low Concentration Equal Concentration inside & outside Don’t copy this slide just watch. Low Concentration High Concentration Equal Concentration inside & outside 5) OSMOSIS: The diffusion of water in and out of the Low cell. Concentration Copy the definition for Osmosis only. Equal Concentration Inside & Outside High Concentration 6) In “Osmosis,” water molecules move from a higher concentration to a lower concentration of H2O molecules. 7) Adding “Salt” or other particles to water lowers the concentration of H20 molecules. High Concentration Low Concentration Don’t copy this slide just watch. Is the concentration of water molecules higher inside or outside of the cell? Don’t copy this slide just watch. Low concentration of H2O Is the concentration of water molecules higher inside or outside of the cell? High concentration of H2O Don’t copy this slide just watch. Low concentration of H2O Now we have equal concentration inside and outside the cell High concentration of H2O 8) ACTIVE TRANSPORT: The process in which a cell uses energy (from ATP) to transport particles into or out of the cell. EXAMPLE: An Amoeba engulfing another organism. 9) ENDOCYTOSIS: movement of a large particle into the cell using the cell membrane to surround the particle and form a vesicle. 10) EXOCYTOSIS: movement of a large particle out of the cell by first surrounding it with a vesicle and then moving it to the cell membrane where it is expelled. 1) Cell Cycle: The life cycle of a cell which begins when the cell is formed and ends when it divides and forms two new cells. 2) Chromosome: Is a coiled bundle of DNA and protein that is located in the cell nucleus. 3) Centromere: The region that holds chromosomes together when a chromosome is duplicated. Also the region of spindle attachment when individual chromosomes are pulled to opposite ends of the cell. CELL CYCLE STICK FIGURE DRAWINGS INTERPHASE 1st DNA DNA is copied so there are twice as many strands of DNA. 2nd MITOSIS - (Prophase) Chromosomes spindle Nuclear membrane breaks up, spindle begins to form, and DNA coils up to form Chromosomes. MITOSIS - (Metaphase) Centromere 3rd Sister Chromosomes spindle Sister Chromosomes Spindle attaches to centromere and chromosomes line up in middle of cell. MITOSIS - (Anaphase) 4th Centromere Sister Chromosomes Sister chromosomes are pulled to opposite ends of cell by spindles. MITOSIS - (Telophase) 5th Chromosomes begin to uncoil back to strands of DNA. Two new nuclear membranes begin to form. CYTOKINESIS 6th Cytoplasm pinches in and all the organelles are equally divided between the two new daughter cells.