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3 Stages of the Cell Cycle STAGE 1: Interphase- period before cell division I. Growth a. cell grows to its full size b. produces all the structures needed to carry out functions II. DNA Replication_ a. makes an exact copy of DNA in its nucleus b. two identical sets of DNA in the nucleus c. one set will go to each “daughter cell” III. Preparation for Division a. cell produces structures needed for division b. cell is ready to divide STAGE 2: Mitosis (nuclear division) I. Prophase – chromatin condenses to form chromosomes – double rod-like structures made of chromatin II. Metaphase – chromosomes line up across the center of the cell III. Anaphase – chromatids separate and move to opposite ends of the cell IV. Telophase – new nuclear membrane forms STAGE 3: Cytokinesis (cell divides) I. Cell membrane squeezes together in animal cells II. Cell plate forms in plant cells III. Cytoplasm pinches into 2 cells IV. Organelles divide between the 2 daughter cells Length of the Cell Cycle a. Varies with the type of cell – 2 to 22 hours b. Mitosis – 1 hour, Interphase – 21 hours in a liver cell c. Brain Cells never divide