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Transcript
Cells Today’s goals: 1. Know organelles of an animal cell 2. Know organelles of a plant cell 3. Know functions of organelles 4. Demonstrate importance of keys Animal Cell Overview • http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/animals/cell/index.shtml Plant Cells Overview • http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/plants/cell/ What do you notice? Similarities Plant Animal Both Cell Membrane • The thin layer of protein and fat that surrounds the cell. The cell membrane is semipermeable. – allowing some substances to pass into the cell and blocking others. Cytoplasm • the jellylike material outside the cell nucleus in which the organelles are located. Nucleolus • an organelle within the nucleus • It is where ribosomal RNA is produced. http://library.thinkquest.org/C006188/basics/proteins.htm Nucleus & Nuclear Membrane • Spherical body containing many organelles, including the nucleolus. • The nucleus controls many of the functions of the cell and contains DNA • The nucleus is surrounded by the nuclear membrane. http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/staff/dave/roanoke/bio101ch05.htm Lysosome • round organelles surrounded by a membrane and containing digestive enzymes. • This is where the digestion of cell nutrients takes place. Golgi Body • a flattened, layered, saclike organelle that looks like a stack of pancakes • Located near the nucleus. • Produces the membranes that surround the lysosomes. • The Golgi body packages proteins and carbohydrates into membrane-bound vesicles for "export" from the cell. http://www.botany.unimelb.edu.au/botany/em/tem.html Ribosomes • Small organelles composed of RNArich • They are sites of protein synthesis. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/photo51/pict-06.html Mitochondrion • spherical to rodshaped organelles with a double membrane. • The inner membrane is infolded many times, forming a series of projections • The mitochondrion converts the energy stored in glucose into ATP for the cell. http://www.frontiers-in-genetics.org/page.php?id=protein-synthesis_en • Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum a vast system of interconnected, membranous, infolded and convoluted sacks that are located in the cell's cytoplasm • Rough ER is covered with ribosomes that give it a rough appearance. • Rough ER transports materials through the cell and produces proteins in sacks – which are sent to the Golgi body, or inserted into the cell membrane. http://student.ccbcmd.edu/courses/bio141/lecguide/unit1/proeu/dkrer.html Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum • Smooth ER transports materials through the cell. • It contains enzymes and produces and digests lipids (fats) and membrane proteins; smooth ER buds off from rough ER, moving the newly-made proteins and lipids to the Golgi body, lysosomes, and membranes. See the difference? http://219.221.200.61/ywwy/zbsw(E)/edetail7.htm Vacuoles • fluid-filled, membranesurrounded cavities inside a cell. • The vacuole fills with food being digested and waste material that is on its way out of the cell. http://www.lifesci.sussex.ac.uk/home/Julian_Thorpe/vacuole.htm Cell Wall • a thick, rigid membrane that surrounds a plant cell. • This layer of cellulose fiber gives the cell most of its support and structure. • The cell wall also bonds with other cell walls to form the structure of the plant. www.astrographics.com/GalleryPrintsIndex/GP2164.html Chlorophyll • chlorophyll is a molecule that can use light energy from sunlight to turn water and carbon dioxide gas into sugar and oxygen • Chlorophyll is magnesium based and is usually green. Chloroplast • an elongated or discshaped organelle containing chlorophyll. • Photosynthesis (in which energy from sunlight is converted into chemical energy food) takes place in the chloroplasts. http://www.daviddarling.info/images/chloroplast.jpg Activity TIME!!! • Things you need: – Plastic container – Note card – Frosting – Organelles –CREATIVITY!!!!!