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INTERACTIVE PRESENTATION SLIDES
FOR INTRODUCTORY PSYCHOLOGY
The Medulla
Supports life
Sustaining
Functions: heart
Rate, respiration,
Blood pressure.
The Brainstem
The brainstem
supports lifesustaining bodily
functions.
What if your
Medulla:
medulla
was
Controls
heartbeat
anddamaged?
breathing
You would have
trouble with
basic bodily
functions.
Christopher
Reeve’s injury
was here, so he
needed support
to breathe.
Medulla
The Hindbrain
Reticular formation:
regulates sleep,
wakefulness, and
levels of arousal
What if your
reticular
formation was
damaged?
A cat with a cut
reticular formation
lapses into a
permanent coma.
Reticular
formation
The Hindbrain
Cerebellum:
enables nonverbal
learning, coordinates
voluntary movements
What if your
cerebellum was
damaged?
It would be hard
to walk, and you
wouldn’t
respond as well
to classical
conditioning.
Cerebellum
The Pituitary Gland
Master gland of the body’s endocrine system
Receives hormone signals from the hypothalamus
Sends hormone signals to other glands.
Limbic System
The
hypothalamus,
hippocampus,
and amygdala
are involved in
motivation,
emotion,
learning, and
memory.
Hypothalamus
 Located below the
thalamus
 Regulates body
temperature and basic
drives (hunger, thirst, sex).
Hippocampus
 Creates new
memories
 Consolidates and
stores memories
Hippocampus
Amygdala
Amygdala
 Plays central role in
emotional processes rage
and fear.
Cerebral Cortex
 Outer covering of
two hemispheres of
the brain
 Responsible for the
most complex
aspects of
perception, emotion,
movement, and
thought.
Cerebral Lobes
 Occipital—visual
information (visual
cortex)
 Parietal—information
about touch (sensory
cortex),
 Temporal—hearing
(auditory cortex),
language (Wernicke’s
area),
 Frontal—planning,
judgment, memory,
reasoning, abstract
thinking, movement
(motor cortex)
Cerebral Hemispheres
The brain is separated into
two hemispheres that:
 control the opposite sides
of the body (contralateral
control)
 are connected by corpus
callosum.
 have specialized abilities.
Left hemisphere: Broca’s
and Wernike’s area.
Video:
The Split Brain: Lessons on Cognition
and the Cerebral Hemispheres
Video Review
 What does split-brain research reveal regarding the nature
of the brain?
 What are specific functions of each cerebral hemisphere?
Sensory (Somatosensory) Cortex
Video:
The Sensory Cortex: Part 2
Sensory (Somatosensory) Cortex
 Located at the front end
of the parietal lobe
 Skin sensations
 Represents skin areas
on the opposite
(contralateral) side of
the body
 Larger areas of sensory
cortex devoted to more
sensitive body areas
Motor Cortex
Video:
The Sensory Cortex: Part 1
Motor Cortex
 Located at the back of
the frontal lobe, next to
the parietal lobe
 Body movement
 Represents body parts on
the opposite
(contralateral) side of the
body
Video:
Brain and Behavior:
Phineas Gage Revisited
Video Review
 Why is it important for psychologists to study the human
brain?
 What are the strengths and weaknesses of case studies
in helping us to understand the causes of human
behavior?
 Does nature or nurture shape adult personality?
Video:
Planning, Life Goals,
and the Frontal Lobe
Video Review
 Why is the study of the brain and brain damage important
to psychology?
 What role do frontal lobes play in behavior?
 Do you think Michael is responsible for his self-defeating
behavior? Why or why not?
Clip_107_Rewiring_Brain.mov
Video:
Rewiring the Brain
Video Review
 What does this case tell
us about the structure
and function of the
human brain?
 How do both nature and
nurture contribute to our
perception of the world?
Brain Plasticity
 The ability of neurons to
make new connections in
the brain.
 Children’s brains are much
more plastic than adults’.
Split-brain patients
Clip_107_Rewiring_Brain.mov
Animation:
Split-brain Patients: Part 2
Split-brain patients
Visual Fields
Contralateral organization
Clip_107_Rewiring_Brain.mov
Animation:
Split-brain Patients: Part 3
How do we
know about the
brain?
 examining the
functional changes
in people with
brain damage,
 other less invasive
techniques for
viewing the brain
(neuroimaging
techniques)
 fMRI
 PET Scan
•
Neuroimaging
Techniques
 Structural
Neuroimaging
Technologies
(CT scan, MRI)
 Functional
Neuroimaging
Technologies
(PET scan,
fMRI)
Animation:
Neuroimaging Techniques
Neuroimaging
Techniques
 Produce images
of the soft tissue
in the brain
 CT scan
 MRI scan
Animation:
Neuroimaging Techniques
Functional
Imaging
Techniques
 Show brain
activity in living
participants
 PET Scan
 Functional MRI
03B_Brain Activation.mov
Animation:
Functional Imaging Techniques
Video Review
Why are brain imaging techniques important
methods for studying functions of different parts of
the nervous system?