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Transcript
Section 6-3 Advances in Genetics Getting Organisms with Desired Traits • There are three methods people have created to develop organisms with desired traits Selective Breeding • Having parents with desired traits produce offspring – Inbreeding • Crossing two individuals that have identical alleles – Hybridization • Breeders cross two genetically different individuals – Best traits of both parents Cloning –Cloning plants • Cutting –cutting part of a plant off and inserting it on another plant –Cloning animals • The nucleus of one egg is replaced with the nucleus of the cell of another animal –Dolly the sheep was the first “successful” clone Genetic Engineering –Genes from one organism are transferred to the DNA of another organism • Can be done in bacteria to produce medication (insulin) • Some tomatoes have been engineered to survive cold, pests, etc – Gene therapy • splice “healthy” DNA into the DNA of a sick individual Other Advances in Genetics • DNA Fingerprinting – Taking the DNA from people to compare it to the DNA found at crime scenes • Human Genome Project – The project that includes finding the sequence of every gene in the human DNA strand
