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Organelles of the Cell Part I Three Sections of the Cell cytoplasm • All cells take in food, rid waste, reproduce • 3 main sections • 1) Plasma membrane • 2) Nucleus • 3) Cytoplasm Cytoplasm • Jelly-like material inside of the cell • Most organelles float within – – – – – – – – Nucleus Ribosomes Vacuoles Mitochondria Chloroplasts ER Golgi Body Lysosomes Cytoplasm • Jelly-like material inside of the cell • Most organelles float within – – – – – – – – Department of General Instrumentation (KUN) (E.S. Pierson, B. van der Linden) Nucleus Ribosomes Vacuoles Mitochondria Chloroplasts ER Golgi Body Lysosomes Cytoplasmic streaming! Cytoplasm • Jelly-like material inside of the cell • Most organelles float within – – – – – – – – Nucleus Ribosomes Vacuoles Mitochondria Chloroplasts ER Golgi Body Lysosomes • Job: Help dissolve solutes & move materials around glucose lipid lipid lipid lipid lipid lipid lipid lipid lipid lipid lipid Protein channel lipid lipid lipid lipid lipid lipid lipid • • • • Aka: Cell Membrane Composition: Bilayer of lipids & proteins glucose Job: Allow materials to enter/exit Semi-Permeable: only specific materials may enter and exit through pores & protein channels nucleolus nucleolus • Job: Controls cell activity • Inside: 1) Chromatin • long strands of DNA • holds info to make proteins 2) Nucleolus: makes ribosomes Endoplasmic Reticulum nucleolus chromatin • Rough ER nuclear envelope – Receives ribosomes from the nucleus – Job: Tunnel system that transports protein making ribosomes Endoplasmic Reticulum • Rough ER – Receives ribosomes from the nucleus – Job: Tunnel system that transports protein making ribosomes • Smooth ER: – makes fats & breaks down toxins (no ribosomes) Ribosomes protein Amino acid Amino acid Amino acid Amino acid Amino acid Amino acid Amino acid ribosome ribosomeribosome ribosome ribosome ribosomeribosome • Created by nucleolus • Transported by the rough ER • Job: make proteins Golgi Body • Job: Modifies, sorts, & packages proteins • Proteins released inside a protective vesicle vesicle nucleolus Nucleus protein ribosome 1) Nucleolus makes ribosomes 2) Ribosome travels through rough ER making proteins vesicle protein protein protein ribosome vesicle vesicle protein p oein rt 1) Nucleolus makes ribosomes 2) Ribosome travels through rough ER making proteins 3) Golgi Body sorts & packages the protein 4) Vesicle releases the protein from the cell 1) Nucleolus makes ribosomes 2) Ribosome travels through rough ER making proteins 3) Golgi Body sorts & packages the protein 4) Vesicle releases the protein from the cell 1 minute: Discuss with your neighboor Ribosome 1) Which organelle builds proteins? ____________ 2) Stores DNA? ____________ Nucleus Nucleolus 3) Produces ribosomes? ___________ Smooth ER 4) Creates fats and breaks down toxins? ___________ 5) Packages and releases proteins from a cell? __________ Golgi body Cell membrane 6) Allows material to enter/exit a cell? ______________ Ribosome 7) Links chains of amino acids together? ______________ 1 minute: Discuss with your neighboor Place the following steps of protein creation in order from start to finish…. A: Golgi body packages and exports the finished proteins in a vesicle B: Ribosomes travel along the rough ER and create proteins C: Nucleolus makes ribosomes D: Ribosomes exit the nucleus The Answer is…. Place the following steps of protein creation in order from start to finish…. C: Nucleolus makes ribosomes D: Ribosomes exit the nucleus B: Ribosomes travel along the rough ER and create proteins A: Golgi body packages and exports the finished proteins in a vesicle