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Transcript
7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure Cytoskeleton 6. Vacuole Slide 1 of 49 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure Vacuole Eukaryotic Cell Structures Slide 2 of 49 End Show 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure Nucleus Vacuole Slide 3 of 49 End Show 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure Mitochondria and Chloroplasts What is the function of vacuoles? Slide 4 of 49 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show Vacuole 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure Mitochondria and Chloroplasts Organelle that stores materials such as water, glucose (for energy), and amino acids (for making protein). 5 Slide of 49 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show Eukaryotic Cell Cytoskeleton The vacuole 7-2 in plant cells isStructure much larger than animal cell vacuoles. It is known as the central vacuole. Central Vacuole Slide 6 of 49 End Show Eukaryotic Cellwith Structure Cytoskeleton The central7-2 vacuole fills water, creating pressure that makes the plant cell rigid. Slide 7 of 49 End Show 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure The pressure of the C.V. allows plants to support heavy structures, such as fruit and flowers. X Slide 8 of 49 End Show 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure When the central vacuole shrinks Cytoskeleton due to lack of water, the plant wilts. Slide 9 of 49 End Show 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell a Structure Unicellular protists have special Cytoskeleton type of vacuole known as a contractile vacuole. Slide 10 of 49 End Show 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure Cytoskeleton Many unicellular protists live in lakes, ponds, etc. As a result, water is constantly entering these cells. Slide 11 of 49 End Show 7-2 Eukaryotic Cellsquirts Structure water Cytoskeleton The contractile vacuole out of the cell, allowing unicellular protists to maintain fluid balance. Slide 12 of 49 End Show 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure Cytoskeleton To recap, there are three different kinds of vacuoles, each with different functions: • Animal cell have small vacuoles; they store materials • Plant cell have large central vacuoles; they fill with water and give structure to the plant • Unicellular protists have contractile vacuoles; they help the cell get rid of extra water Slide 13 of 49 End Show 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure Cytoskeleton 9. Cytoskeleton The “beams and columns” of a cell. Slide 14 of 49 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure Cytoskeleton What is the function of the cytoskeleton? Slide 15 of 49 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure Cytoskeleton Mitochondria and Chloroplasts Protein fibers Network of protein fibers that helps the cell maintain its Slide shape. 16 of 49 End Show Eukaryotic Cell Structure Additionally,7-2the protein fibers can contract (get shorter)…. Slide 17 of 49 End Show 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure …allowing some cells to move (ex: heart muscle cells). Slide 18 of 49 End Show 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure Recall that there are two types of ER Cytoskeleton – smooth and rough. Smooth ER Rough ER Slide 19 of 49 End Show 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure Mitochondria and Chloroplasts What is the function of smooth ER? Slide 20 of 49 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure Smooth ER Mitochondria and Chloroplasts Organelle that puts lipids together to build new cell membrane and detoxifies harmful substances such as drugs/alcohol. Slide 21 of 49 End Show Cell Structure Cytoskeleton The liver cell7-2 ofEukaryotic an alcoholic, filled with smooth ER: Slide 22 of 49 End Show 7-2 attached Eukaryotic Cell Structure smooth Cytoskeleton Since it has no ribosomes, ER is NOT involved in making protein. Smooth ER Rough ER Slide 23 of 49 End Show 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure Cytoskeleton 10. Cell Membrane Slide 24 of 49 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure The cell membrane is already labeled in your diagrams: Plant Cell Animal Cell Cell membrane Cell membrane Slide 25 of 49 End Show 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure Cytoskeleton What is the function of the cell membrane? Slide 26 of 49 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure Cell Membrane Mitochondria and Chloroplasts Two layers A flexible lipid bilayer that controls what enters and leaves the cell. Slide 27 of 49 End Show 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure All cells, even prokaryotes, have a cell membrane. Slide 28 of 49 End Show Eukaryotic Cell Structure Some cells 7-2 also have a cell wall surrounding the cell membrane. Cell wall Slide 29 of 49 End Show 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure Cytoskeleton What is the function of the cell wall? Slide 30 of 49 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show Cell Wall 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure Rigid structure made from cellulose that surrounds theSlide 31 of 49 cell membrane, giving structure to the cell. End Show Eukaryotic Cell Structure Remember:7-2without an internal skeleton, plants must constantly battle against the force of gravity. X Slide 32 of 49 End Show 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure Some of their structure comes from the pressure of the central vacuole. Slide 33 of 49 End Show 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure However, the strongest type of plant tissue –wood– is made from cells with thick cell walls. Slide 34 of 49 End Show 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure The cell wall is dotted with pores (holes), so it does not control what enters/leaves the cell. That is the job of the cell membrane. Slide 35 of 49 End Show Eukaryotic Cell Structure Animal cells7-2do NOT have a rigid cell wall, allowing animals to move. Slide 36 of 49 End Show