Download Cell Structure Lesson: Vacuole

7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Cytoskeleton
6. Vacuole
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7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Vacuole
Eukaryotic Cell Structures
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7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Nucleus
Vacuole
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7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Mitochondria and Chloroplasts
What is the function of vacuoles?
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Vacuole
7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Mitochondria and Chloroplasts
Organelle that stores materials such as water, glucose
(for energy), and amino acids (for making protein). 5 Slide
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Eukaryotic
Cell
Cytoskeleton
The vacuole 7-2
in plant
cells
isStructure
much larger
than animal cell
vacuoles. It is known as the central vacuole.
Central
Vacuole
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Eukaryotic
Cellwith
Structure
Cytoskeleton
The central7-2
vacuole
fills
water,
creating pressure
that makes the plant cell rigid.
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7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
The pressure
of the C.V. allows plants to support heavy
structures, such as fruit and flowers.
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7-2 Eukaryotic
Cell Structure
When the central
vacuole
shrinks Cytoskeleton
due to lack of water,
the plant wilts.
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7-2 Eukaryotic
Cell a
Structure
Unicellular protists
have
special Cytoskeleton
type of vacuole known
as a contractile vacuole.
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7-2 Eukaryotic
Cell Structure
Cytoskeleton
Many unicellular
protists
live in lakes,
ponds, etc. As a
result, water is constantly entering these cells.
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7-2 Eukaryotic
Cellsquirts
Structure water
Cytoskeleton
The contractile
vacuole
out of the cell,
allowing unicellular protists to maintain fluid balance.
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7-2 Eukaryotic
Cell Structure
Cytoskeleton
To recap, there
are three
different
kinds of vacuoles,
each with different functions:
• Animal cell have small vacuoles; they store
materials
• Plant cell have large central vacuoles; they fill
with water and give structure to the plant
• Unicellular protists have contractile vacuoles; they
help the cell get rid of extra water
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7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Cytoskeleton
9. Cytoskeleton
The “beams and columns” of a cell.
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7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Cytoskeleton
What is the function of the cytoskeleton?
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7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Cytoskeleton
Mitochondria and Chloroplasts
Protein
fibers
Network of protein fibers that helps the cell maintain its
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shape.
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Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Additionally,7-2the
protein fibers can contract (get
shorter)….
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7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
…allowing some
cells to move (ex: heart muscle cells).
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7-2 Eukaryotic
Cell
Structure
Recall that there
are two
types
of ER Cytoskeleton
– smooth and rough.
Smooth ER
Rough ER
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7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Mitochondria and Chloroplasts
What is the function of smooth ER?
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7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Smooth ER
Mitochondria and Chloroplasts
Organelle that puts lipids together to build new cell
membrane and detoxifies harmful substances such as
drugs/alcohol.
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Cell Structure
Cytoskeleton
The liver cell7-2
ofEukaryotic
an alcoholic,
filled with
smooth ER:
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7-2 attached
Eukaryotic Cell
Structure smooth
Cytoskeleton
Since it has no
ribosomes,
ER is NOT
involved in making protein.
Smooth ER
Rough ER
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7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Cytoskeleton
10. Cell Membrane
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7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
The cell membrane
is already labeled in your diagrams:
Plant Cell
Animal Cell
Cell
membrane
Cell
membrane
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7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Cytoskeleton
What is the function of the cell
membrane?
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7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Cell Membrane
Mitochondria and Chloroplasts
Two layers
A flexible lipid bilayer that controls what enters and
leaves the cell.
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All cells, even
prokaryotes, have a cell membrane.
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Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Some cells 7-2
also
have a cell wall surrounding the cell
membrane.
Cell wall
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7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Cytoskeleton
What is the function of the cell wall?
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Cell Wall 7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Rigid structure made from cellulose that surrounds theSlide
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cell membrane, giving structure to the cell.
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Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Remember:7-2without
an internal skeleton, plants must
constantly battle against the force of gravity.
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7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Some of their
structure comes from the pressure of the
central vacuole.
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7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
However, the
strongest type of plant tissue –wood– is
made from cells with thick cell walls.
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7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
The cell wall
is dotted with pores (holes), so it does not
control what enters/leaves the cell. That is the job of the
cell membrane.
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Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Animal cells7-2do
NOT have a rigid cell wall, allowing
animals to move.
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