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Transcript
Page 1 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN Y DESARROLLO DE EDUCACIÓN BILINGÜE Biology Academy Portfolio 4 Index Session Name: ____________________________________________________ Group:____________ 1 2 Bk pgs 394-395 396-397 3 398-399 4 2 3 4 Points What to do Points Make the following crosses according to their genotypes (3 pts each) Inheritance of traits by pedigree charts interpretation (3 pts. Each) 9 Make a concept map on disorders caused by individual genes (cause 1 point, what it causes 1 point, description of disease 1 point) 9 8 403-404 405-409 Describe the Human Genome Project and its goals (3.5 each) 7 412-414 Assessment Chapter 14 (.5 per question unanswered) 10 LAB SESSION 5 Laboratory 5 Using DNA to identify bodies Integrated Activity 4 Biosong obtained 6 Describe the causes of human genetic disorders (2 each) Describe the processes involved in DNA Manipulation (cutting DNA 2 pts, separating DNA 2 pts. and reading DNA 2 pts.) 400-401 1 4 6 5 40 I ____________________________ understand that my portfolio is a collection of my school work and my achievements. The contents exhibit my effort and progress as these elements relate to the goals represented in my instructional program. I agree to accept the responsibility for creating and managing my portfolio as I complete each requirement. I will submit its content for periodic review to my instructor. In doing so, I understand that the contents on my portfolio, as well as the way in which I have presented the contents, will be evaluated for the purpose of judging my performance in school. STUDENT SIGNATURE: ___________________________________ DATE:_____________ PARENT SIGNATURE: ________________________________________________________ I have read and understand the above portfolio agreement and have reviewed my child’s portfolio requirements. Page 2 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN Y DESARROLLO DE EDUCACIÓN BILINGÜE Chapter 14 Human Heredity 14.1 Human Chromosomes MAY WK 14-18 Session 1 BK 394-395 Objective: Describe the patterns of inheritance Instructions: Make the following crosses according to their genotypes 1. Make a cross a male blood type A homozygous marries a woman heterozygous blood type B then report the possible blood types of the offspring and percentages. 2. Make a cross a male blood type O homozygous marries a woman heterozygous blood type A then report the possible blood types of the offspring and percentages. Page 3 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN Y DESARROLLO DE EDUCACIÓN BILINGÜE 3. Construct a Punnett square to show a cross between a father with normal vision and a mother who is carrier of the colorblindness trait Session 2 BK 396-397 Objective: Infer how traits are inherited over generations by interpreting pedigree charts Instruction: Answer the following questions 1. Explain why some cats have different colors; consider the sex of the cat. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 2. Define pedigree and say why it is important ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ Page 4 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN Y DESARROLLO DE EDUCACIÓN BILINGÜE 14.2 Human Genetic Disorders Session 3 BK Pg. 398-399 Objective: Describe the most common human genetic disorders Instruction: Make a concept map on disorders caused by individual genes Make a concept map on disorders caused by individual genes, include cause, what it causes, description of the disease. Page 5 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN Y DESARROLLO DE EDUCACIÓN BILINGÜE Session 4 BK Pg. 400-401 Objective: Describe the causes of human genetic disorders Instructions: Answer the following questions 1. Define non-disjunction. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 2. What is the result of non-disjunction? ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 3. Express how different is nondisjunction in autosomal chromosomes and sex chromosomes. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 4. Name two disorders caused by non-disjunction in the x chromosome. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Page 6 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN Y DESARROLLO DE EDUCACIÓN BILINGÜE 14.3 Studying the Human Genome MAY WK 21-25 Session 1 BK 403-404 Objective: Describe the process of DNA Manipulation Instruction: Write the steps for each of the following procedures involved in DNA Manipulation Write the steps for each of the following procedures: cutting DNA, separating DNA and reading DNA ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Page 7 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN Y DESARROLLO DE EDUCACIÓN BILINGÜE Session 2 BK 405-406 Objective: Describe the Human Genome Project and its goals Instructions- Describe the goals of the Human Genome Project 1. What were the goals of the human genome project? ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 2. Explain briefly the technique of “shotgun sequencing” ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Page 8 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN Y DESARROLLO DE EDUCACIÓN BILINGÜE Session 3 BK 412-414 Objective: Assessment Chapter 14 Instructions- Answer the following questions 1- A normal human diploid zygote contains a. 23 chromosomes b. 46 chromosomes c. 44 chromosones d. XXY chromosomes 2- A chart that traces the inheritance of a trait in a family is called a(n) a- Pedigree b- Karyotype c- Genome d- Autosome 3- An example of a trait that is determined by multiple alleles is a- cystic fibrosis b- ABO blood groups c- Down syndrome d- Colorblindness 4- What is the difference between autosomes and sex chromosomes? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ ________________________ 5- Is it possible for a person with blood type alleles IA an IB to have blood type A? Explain your answer. (Refer to Figure 14-5 in your book page 394). __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ ________________________ 6- Predict What are the possible genotypes of the parents of a male child who is colorblind? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ Page 9 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN Y DESARROLLO DE EDUCACIÓN BILINGÜE __________________________________________________________________ ________________________ 7- Design an Experiment Fruit fly sex is determines by X and Y chromosomes, just as it is in humans. Researchers suspect that a certain disease is caused by a recessive allele in a gene located on the X chromosome in fruit flies. Design an experiment to test this hypothesis. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ ________________________ 8- A mutation involving a change in a single DNA base pair a- Will definitely result in a genetic disease. b- Will have no effect on the organism’s phenotype c- Will produce a positive change. d- May have an effect on the organism’s phenotype. 9- Cystic fibrosis is caused by a- Nondisjunction of an autosome b- A change of three base pairs in DNA c- Nondisjunction of a sex chromosome d- Deletion of an entire gene from a chromosome. 10- Malaria is a disease caused by a a- Gene mutation. b- Defect in red blood cells c- Bacterium found in water d- Parasite carried by mosquitoes. 11- Analyze the human karyotype below. Identify the chromosomal disorder that it shows in your book pg. 412. _________________________________________ 12- What is a chromosomal disorder? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ ________________________ 13- Describe two sex- chromosome disorders. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ ________________________ 14- Infer Can a genetic counselor use a karyotype to identify a carrier of cystic fibrosis? Explain __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ Page 10 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN Y DESARROLLO DE EDUCACIÓN BILINGÜE __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ ________________________ 15- Interpret Graphs What can you infer about the relationship between the age of the mother and the incidence of Down syndrome? (see Book pg. 413) __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ ________________________ 16- The human genome consists of approximately how many DNA base pairs? a- 30,000 b- 3,000,000 c- 300,000,000 d- 3,000,000,000 17- The fraction of the human genome that actually codes for proteins is about a- 2% b- 20% c- 98% d- 100% 18- Cutting DNA into small pieces that can be sequenced is accomplished by a- Restriction enzymes b- DNA polymerase c- Gel electrophoresis d- RNA polymerase 19- If you sequence short pieces of DNA and then use a computer to find overlapping sequences that map to a much longer DNA fragment, you are using a- Genomics b- Hapmaps c- Shotgun sequencing d- Open reading frame analysis. 20- Describe the tools and processes that scientists use to manipulate human DNA. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ ________________________ 21- Explain why restriction enzymes are useful tools in sequencing DNA. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ ________________________ Page 11 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN Y DESARROLLO DE EDUCACIÓN BILINGÜE 22- What is an SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism)? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ ________________________ 23- What is bioinformatics? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ ________________________ 24- Draw Conclusions Scientists have searched the human genome database to find possible promoter sequences. What is likely to be found near a promoter sequence? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ ________________________ 25- Infer Why does DNA move toward the positive end of the gel during gel electrophoresis? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ ________________________ 26- Observe The table on pg. 414 in your book, shows the DNA sequences that are recognized by five different restriction enzymes and the location where those enzymes cut. Which enzymes produce DNA fragments with “sticky ends”? What is the common feature of the sequences cut by these enzymes? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ ________________________
