Download Warm Up #8

Warm Up #8
• Draw and fill in the chart below about three
different types of cells:
Written Response #3-15
• In this true/false activity:
• You and your partner will discuss the question, each of
you will record your response and share your answer
with the class. Be prepared to justify your answer.
• You are allow to search answers.
• You will be limited to 20 seconds per question.
TRUE/FALSE
• The water-hating hydrophobic tails of the
phospholipid bilayer face the outside of the cell
membrane.
TRUE/FALSE
The cytoplasm essentially acts as a “skeleton” inside
the cell.
TRUE/FALSE
Plant cells have special structures that are not found
in animal cells, including a cell wall, a large central
vacuole, and plastids.
TRUE/FALSE
Centrioles help organize chromosomes before cell
division.
TRUE/FALSE
Ribosomes can be found attached to the
endoplasmic reticulum.
TRUE/FALSE
ATP is made in the mitochondria.
TRUE/FALSE
Many of the biochemical reactions of the cell occur
in the cytoplasm.
TRUE/FALSE
Animal cells have chloroplasts, organelles that
capture light energy from the sun and use it to make
food.
TRUE/FALSE
Small hydrophobic molecules can easily pass through
the plasma membrane.
TRUE/FALSE
In cell-level organization, cells are not specialized for
different functions.
TRUE/FALSE
Mitochondria contains its own DNA.
TRUE/FALSE
The plasma membrane is a single phospholipid layer
that supports and protects a cell and controls what
enters and leaves it.
TRUE/FALSE
The cytoskeleton is made from thread-like filaments
and tubules.
What Do Cells Share?
• Structures found in all cells:
• DNA organized as chromosome(s). DNA directs cell
activity
What Do Cells Share?
• Structures found in all cells:
• Cytoplasm is the “filling” of the cell and is made up of
90% water. Water provides the necessary environment
for all the chemical reactions the cell needs.
What Do Cells Share?
• Structures found in all cells:
• Ribosomes are organelles that are the site of protein
synthesis. Proteins are essential for enzymes, structure
and communication.
What Do Cells Share?
• Structures found in all cells:
• Cell membrane (plasma membrane)
• Composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins.
The fluid mosaic model describes the structure of the cell
membrane.
• Fluid: individual phospholipids and proteins can move past each
other; they are not fixed in one position.
• Mosaic: the membrane has more than one type of molecule
(phospholipids and proteins).
• Functions of the cell membrane:
• Selectively permeable: regulates what enters and leaves the cell.
This helps maintain homeostasis.
• Gives the cell (cytoplasm) shape.
CELL MEMBRANE READING
• Once you and your partner have finished the
assignment.
1. Pick up Cell Membrane article from front of
room.
Cell Membrane Structure - Both
• Composed of a
phospholipid bilayer
with embedded proteins.
• Fluid mosaic model
describes the structure of
the cell membrane:
• Fluid – Individual
phsopholipids and
proteins can move past
each other; they are not
fixed in one position.
• Mosaic – The membrane
has more than one type of
molecule (phospholipids
and proteins)
Cell Membrane Function - Both
• Selectively permeable: regulates what enters and leaves
the cell.
• This helps maintain homeostasis.
• Gives the cell (cytoplasm) shape.
• Explain why hydrophobic (“water-hating”) molecules can
easily cross the plasma membrane, while hydrophilic
(“water-loving”) molecules cannot.
Written Response #16
• Thoroughly answer the question below. Use
appropriate academic vocabulary and clear and
complete sentences.
• Discuss the properties of the plasma membrane
that allow it to act as a barrier around the cell.
Include the specifics of the phospholipid bilayer.
Cell Wall – Plants Only
Provides extra support,
protection, and shape for
the cell.
Found outside the cell
membrane
Made of cellulose
Cytoplasm - Both
• The “filling” of the cell
and is made of up to
90% water.
• Water provides the
necessary environment
for all the chemical
reactions the cell
needs.
Cytoskeleton - Both
• Made of microtubules
and microfilaments that
provide structure and
shape for the cell.
Nucleus - Both
• Surrounds the
chromosome for
additional protection.
• Made of a phospholipid
bilayer.
• What are the benefits
of the nucleus being
made up of a
phospholipid bilayer?
Vacuoles - Both
• Store food, waste or
water to be used inside
the cell or excreted
from the cell.
• Vacuoles are larger in
plants than animal cells.
Centrioles – Animal Only
• Organelle that helps
with cell division.
• Found only in animal
cells.
Lysosomes - Both
• Contain digestive
enzymes which digest
food contained in
vacuoles as well as old
or damaged parts.
Chloroplast – Plants Only
• Organelles full of
chlorophyll that are the
site of photosynthesis
which produces sugars.
(C₆H₁₂O₆)
• Thylakoid responds to
solar radiation to
produce sugar.
• Composed of folded
membranes for more
surface area.
Golgi Apparatus - Both
• Packages materials for
export from cells.
• Cellular “Post Office”
Mitochondria - Both
• Site of cellular
respiration which
produces cell energy
(ATP).
• Structure contains
folded membranes
which increases surface
area allowing more
space for reactions.
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
“Smooth ER” - Both
• Extension of the
nuclear envelope.
• Plays important role in
cellular maintenance of
lipids.
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough ER - Both
• “Rough” because of the
ribosomes attached to
the membrane.
• Aids in protein
production.
Ribosomes - Both
• Organelles that are the
site of protein
synthesis.
• Proteins are essential
for enzymes, structure,
and communication.
• Which enzymes are in
charge of
communication?
Written Response #17
• Explain how the following organelles ensure that a
cell has the proteins it needs: nucleus, rough and
smooth ER, vesicles, and Golgi apparatus.
Nucleolus - Both
• A dense region located
in the nucleus.
• Manufactures
ribosomes.
DNA - Both
• Directs cell activity.
• Organized as
chromosomes.
• Double helix in shape.
Chromosomes - Both
• Tightly packed coils of
DNA and proteins that
form during cell
division. (Mitosis)
• Human have 46.
Cilia/Flagella - Both
• External cell organelles
that aid in movement.
• Flagella are long and
whip like.
• Cilia are short and hair
like.
Cell Adaptations Activity – draw and
complete the following chart in your
notebook.
Adaptations
Pseudopod
Cilia / Flagella
Eyespots
Pili
Contractile
vacuoles
Increased
mitochondria
Chemotaxis /
Phototaxis
Description
• Single celled organisms rely
heavily on adaptations to
carry out life processes.
• Once you and your table
partner have completed your
charts, raise your hand so that
I may check you off for
completion.
• Once you have been checked
off, you and your partner will
create a poster to represent
the cellular adaptations.
• Be sure to include a drawing
as well as how these
adaptations have increased
the survival of single-celled
organisms.
Written Response #18
• What is endosymbiotic theory? How does it explain
the presence of certain organelles in eukaryotic
cells?
Cell Compare - Handout
• Complete the handout with your table partner.
Once finished, raise your hand so I can come check
you off for completion.
• Once you have been checked off, glue/tape the
handout into your notebook.
peroxisome
smooth ER
vacuole
nucleolus
DNA
nucleus
lysosome
mitochondrion
rough ER
golgi apparatus
cell membrane
centriole
ribosome
Animal Cell Art - Handout
• Complete the handout by
completing the function of
the organelles and coloring
the appropriate color.
• Raise your hand when you
have completed the
handout and I will come
check you off for
completion.
• Once you have been
checked off for completion,
glue/tape the handout into
your notebook.
mitochondrion
peroxisome
smooth ER
DNA
nucleolus
vacuole
nucleus
rough ER
chloroplast
cell wall
golgi apparatus
cell membrane
ribosome
Plant Cell Art - Handout
• Complete the handout by
completing the function of
the organelles and coloring
the appropriate color.
• Raise your hand when you
have completed the
handout and I will come
check you off for
completion.
• Once you have been
checked off for completion,
glue/tape the handout into
your notebook.
Edible Cell - Activity
• You and your lab group
will decide on a cell type
and select 12 organelles
that will be represented
by different types of
candy.
• Draw and complete the
chart as you are making
your cell in your
notebook.
• I must check you off prior
to eating any part of your
cell.
Organelle Type of
Candy
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Description (why
did you use this
candy)
Edible Cell Planning
• You will work in groups of 4.
• You and your partners will
need to bring your materials
to class tomorrow to make
your edible cell.
• If you forget your materials,
oh well. You will have to hope
another group will share with
you.
• You will build your model on a
paper plate. I will provide the
plate for you.
• Suggested materials:
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Cupcake
Graham crackers
Icing
Licorice
Peanut Butter Cups
Sprinkles
Nerds Rope
Nerds
Jelly beans
M&M’s
Marshmallows
Fruit By the Foot
Gummi Worms
Mike and Ike
Air Head Extremes
Wanted Ad: Cell Structures and
Organelles
• Design 3 wanted posters for 3 different cell
structures or organelles.
• On the wanted poster, you must tell:
•
•
•
•
Who you are (what type of cell)
Why you need the organelle or structure.
A way of contacting you (make it up)
A reward for obtaining the organelle or structure (make
it up)
• You must also include a picture of the cell you are
representing and the organelle or structure you are
seeking.