Download Organelles are small structures inside cells. They are often covered

Intro to Organelles
Name: ___________________________Block: ____
Organelles are small structures inside cells. They are often covered in membranes.
Each organelle has a job to do in the cell. Their name means “little organ.” Just
like each organ in your body has a job to do to keep you healthy, each organelle
has a job to do to keep the cell functioning.
Virus/Bacteria Humans
Organelle
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Cell membrane
Cell wall
Capsule
Mitochondrion
Function and Illustration
Found only in eukaryotic cells.
Contains DNA and is the control
center of the cell. Covered by the
nuclear membrane/envelope.
Found inside the nucleus. Makes
ribosomes.
Phospholipid bilayer. Covers the cell’s
surface. Acts as a barrier between
the inside of a cell and the outside
cell’s environment.
A structure that surrounds the cell
membrane of some cells and
provides strength and support to the
cell membrane. PROTECTION
A layer of polysaccharide (long
carbohydrate chains) that covers
prokaryotic cells outside the cell wall.
Powerhouse of the cell. Breaks down
food molecules for ATP through cellular
respiration. Made of folded membranes
to increase the surface area.
Found in
prokaryotic
cells?
Found in
eukaryotic
ANIMAL
cells?
Found in
eukaryotic
PLANT
cells?
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
Intro to Organelles
Found in
prokaryotic
cells?
Found in
eukaryotic
ANIMAL
cells?
Found in
eukaryoti
c PLANT
cells?
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
Digests foods, wastes, and foreign
invaders in a cell. A specialized version of
a vesicle. Covered in membranes.
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
Jelly-like fluid surrounding a cell’s
organelles.
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
Organelle
Chloroplast
Vacuole
Vesicle
Lysosome
Cytoplasm
Ribosome
Endoplasmic
reticulum (E.R.)
Golgi (complex,
bodies,
apparatus)
Name: ___________________________Block: ____
Function and Illustration
Where photosynthesis is performed in
algae and plants. Contains a pigment
called chlorophyll that absorbs sunlight
energy.
Permanent storage container for the cell.
In plant cells, it is large. In animal cells, it
is small. Holds water or food. Covered in
membranes.
Temporary storage container that forms
when part of the cell membrane
surrounds an object and pinches off.
Covered in membranes.
Creates proteins using amino acids.
Produces lipids, breaks down poisons,
packages proteins. Folded membranes
increase surface area. Rough E.R. has
ribosomes attached and embedded.
Smooth E.R. does not.
Modifies, packages, and transports
proteins out of the cell. Folded
membranes increase surface area.
UPS
Intro to Organelles
Name: ___________________________Block: ____
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Rough ER
Nucleus
Smooth ER
Ribosomes
vacuole
Mitochondria
Cell Wall
Cytoplasm
Cell Membrane
Vacuole
Nucleus
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Chloroplast
Ribosome
Mitochondria
Color Code Key:
nucleus cell membrane cell wall mitochondrion chloroplast
vacuole cytoplasm endoplasmic reticulum ribosome
Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes Name: ___________________________Block: ____
Observe the pictures below that show a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell.
List the differences you observe about the two types of cells.
Prokaryotic
Small
Simple
Capsule
* No Membrane bound organelles
No Nucleus
Eukaryotic
Big
More complex (organelles)
Nucleus
*Membrane bound organelles
Read this!
Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic (Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes)
All cells can be classified as either prokaryotic or eukaryotic. The main difference is that prokaryotic cells
do not contain a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells do. Both types of cells
contain DNA and have ribosomes. Prokaryotic cells, like plant cells, contain a cell wall surrounding a cell
membrane.
The plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells that you will study are examples of eukaryotic cells, while
bacteria and archaea are examples of prokaryotic cells. Cell organelles (tiny parts) are found in eukaryotic cells.
After reading the above paragraphs, add to your observations about the differences between prokaryotes and
eukaryotes
Let’s Compare Structures/Functions!
Name: ___________________Block: ____
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
Contain a nucleus?
Yes
No
Yes
No
Contain DNA?
Yes
No
Yes
No
Contain ribosomes?
Yes
No
Yes
No
Has a cell wall?
Yes
No
Yes Plants
Has organelles that are covered
with membranes?
Yes
No
Yes
Kingdoms of life with these kinds
of cells
Cell wall
Chloroplast Chlorophyll
1 LARGE Vacuole
No
Circle two of these
Circle four of these
Plants - Animals - Fungi - Protists
Plants - Animals - Fungi - Protists
Archaea - Bacteria
Archaea - Bacteria
Plant Cells
Shape – rectangle
No animals
Animal Cells
EUKARYOTIC
Centrioles
Cell membrane
Mitochondria
Lysosomes
Golgi
ER
DNA
Ribosome
Nucleus
cytoplasm
Shape – oval/circle
Many small vacuole
Cell Parts and Functions Review
Name: _______________________Block: ____
Select the correct cell parts listed below to fill the blanks of the sentences or spaces that follow:
cell membrane
nucleus
cell wall
cytoplasm
nuclear membrane
nucleolus
Golgi complex
endoplasmic reticulum
lysosomes
chloroplast
ribosomes
vacuoles
mitochondrion
prokaryotic
eukaryotic
Nucleus
1. The ____________________
is known as the brain or control center of the cell and has genes. A cell that has
this is said to be ____________________,
while a cell that lacks this is said to be ____________________.
prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
2. It is an intracellular transport system and is made of a series of channels (from the nucleus to cell
membrane) throughout the cytoplasm of the cell. __________________________________________.
ER
3.
Involved in making ribosomes in the cell, this structure is located in the nucleus. _____________________
Nucleolus
4.
The structure is the outer covering of a cell and is involved in regulating the movement of materials (food,
gases, elements) in and out of the cell. ___________________________________________
Cell membrane
5.
Cellular respiration occurs in this organelle because this produces energy (ATP) for cell activities.
Sometimes it is called the “powerhouse of the cell”, the organelle is the ___________________________.
mitochondria
6.
The double membrane surrounding the nucleus that controls what enters and leaves it, is called the:
_______________________________________________
Nuclear membrane
7.
lysosome
Structures that contain digestive enzymes are ________________________________________.
Cell wall
8.
Outside the cell membrane of a plant cell is the ________________________________ that also serves as
support and protection for the cell.
9.
ribosomes
Enzymes are proteins, and proteins are produced in this organelle. ____________________________.
10.
vacuole
Sacs storing water, wastes and food are storage chambers in the cell. _____________________________.
11.
Structure found in plants (but not animal cells) that carries out photosynthesis is the _________________.
chloroplast
cytoplasm
12. The _________________________
is area outside the nuclear membrane but inside the cell membrane, and
cell parts are located.
13. The structure of the cell that prepares and packages proteins for use within the cell or shipment outside the
cell. ___________________________________
golgi