Download DNA Unit Study Guide 2017 - Liberty Union High School District

NAME ________________________________________ PERIOD__________
DNA UNIT STUDY GUIDE
1. What does DNA stand for? _________________________________________________
2. What does RNA stand for? _________________________________________________
3. What (in general) does a DNA Molecule look like? __________________________________________
4. What kind of sugar is in DNA? ___________________________________________________
5. How many bonds are there between A/T? __________ G/C? _________
6. What are the chemicals that make up the backbone? ______________ & ___________________.
7. What is the enzyme responsible for unwinding the DNA so it can replicate? _____________________
8. What is the enzyme responsible for making attaching nucleotides? ____________________________
9. Which of the bases are purines? _____________ pyrimidines? ___________
10. What is the difference between a purine and pyrimidines?
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11. List the 3 parts of a nucleotide:
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12. What are the different types of Nitrogen bases that can be found in DNA?
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Which bases bind to each other?
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13. Which base is found only in RNA? _______________________
14. What are the different types of RNA?
a. ____________________
b. ____________________
c. _____________________
15. Describe the jobs of each.
a. _________________________________________________________________________
b. _________________________________________________________________________
c. _________________________________________________________________________
16. Draw a chart to explain the differences between DNA and RNA (Detail)
17. What organelle processes the RNA during Translation? _________________
18. The process of Transcription makes ________ from _____________
19. The process of Translation makes ____________ from ____________
20. Where does Transcription occur? _______________
21. Where does Translation occur? _________________
22. What is a codon?
_______________________________________________________________________________
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USE THE GENETIC CODE TO TELL ME WHAT AMINO ACID SEQUENCE EACH STRAND CODES FOR!
23. Transcription and Translation for the following Strand of DNA.
DNA T A C T A T T C C T C G T C T C G G C G T A T T
mRNA_______________________________________________________________________
tRNA________________________________________________________________________
rRNA/aa______________________________________________________________________
24. What is a gene?
_______________________________________________________________________________
25. Given the fact that all cells contain the entire set of genes for an organism, why are only certain
genes expressed in certain parts of the body?
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_______________________________________________________________________________
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26. Practice your short answers: How do DNA and RNA control the structure and function of cells and
entire organisms? (Hint: be able to explain the following points)
-Functions of DNA and RNA and why we need each in our cells
-How the Central Dogma works
-The effects of mutations (good, bad and neutral and examples)
Important Clues to identify DNA parts
______________________________
Label each A, T, C, & G
______________________________
Label each S and P
______________________________
Label the Hydrogen Bonds
______________________________
Label Covalent Bonds
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
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Enzyme that unwinds DNA:
______________________________
Enzyme that adds nucleotides:
______________________________
Explain the process of replication and where it happens (include how helicase and DNA polymerase are involved).