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Transcript
It’s The circle of cell life How do cells reproduce and grow? Why do cells divide? To replace other cells that have been damaged or worn out To allow multicellular organisms to grow For asexual reproduction Because they get too big! What is MITOSIS? Mitosis is the process by which the nucleus of one cell DIVIDES into two nuclei Therefore, each cell has the same genetic material as the original cell Its like “photocopying” the cell- the two daughter cells are identical What is Genetic Information? Genetic information is contained in the DNA of the cell DNA is found in the thread-like coils called CHROMATIN when the cell is NOT dividing When the cell is dividing, the chromatin condenses (packs into) chromosomes genes are small sections of chromosomes that contain the information for a specific cell function The big picture Human Chromosomes Which is the longest phases of the cell cycle? The cell spends the most amount of time in interphasegrowing What happens in the Cell CycleInterphase? During INTERPHASE the cell is GROWING and preparing to reproduce The cell’s DNA is being copied (replicated) The DNA is in the form of loosely coiled CHROMATIN What are the name of the stages in Mitosis? Mitosis is the stages of the cell cycle in which the nucleus and cell divides Mitosis is divided into: Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokenesis Which is the shortest stage of the cell cycle? The cell spends a very short amount of time in mitosisdividing The phases of mitosis What happens in Prophase? Chromosomes are condensed and consist of 2 sister chromatids The nuclear membrane begins to break down Spindle fibers appear The CENTROMERE joins each pair of sister chromatids to the spindle fiber What happens in Metaphase? Chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell What happens in Anaphase? Spindle fibers separate sister chromatids and pull them apart Once they have separated they are individual chromosomes What happens in Telophase? Spindle fibers disassemble Nuclear envelope reforms The nuclear envelope will become the nuclear membrane What happens in Cytokinesis? In animal cells, cell membrane pinches off forming two new separate cells In plant cells, cell membrane pinches off and a cell wall forms The cytoplasm is divided between the two cells Mitosis in action! How am I going to remember this? Think IPMATC! Phase name I P M A T C mnemonic