Download unit 7 exam study guide

UNIT 7 EXAM STUDY GUIDE
Please use this study guide as a practice tests and complete answer the questions in your lab notebook!
DNA DISCOVERY, STRUCTURE AND REPLICATION (8.1-8.3)
1. Describe Griffith’s experiment and his contribution to determining DNA is our genetic material.
2. Describe Avery’s experiment and his contribution to determining DNA is our genetic material.
3. Describe Hershey and Chase’s experiment and their contribution to determining DNA is our genetic
material.
4. What is a bacteriophage?
5. In Griffith’s experiment, was the S strain or R strain lethal?
6. What does DNA stand for?
7. What sugar is found on DNA?
8. What is DNA’s primary function?
9. What are the repeating subunits called that make up DNA?
10. Sketch a DNA nucleotide and label its three parts.
11. Name the 4 nitrogen bases of DNA.
12. Name 2 purines. Single or double ringed?
13. How did Rosalind Franklin contribute to determining the structure of DNA?
14. Who won the Nobel Prize for determining the structure of the DNA.
15. What makes up the “backbone” of a DNA molecule?
16. What makes up the "rungs" of a DNA molecule?
17. What type of bonds holds the DNA bases together?
18. Explain Chargaff’s discovery.
19. If a DNA molecule contains 22% adenine, what percentages of the other bases would be present?
20. If the sequence of nucleotides on the original DNA strand was A – G – G – C – T – A, what would be the
nucleotide sequence on the complementary strand of DNA?
21. Define DNA replication.
22. Why must DNA be replicated?
23. Explain the term “semi-conservative” and how it applies to replication.
24. List all of the enzymes that are used in DNA replication and each of their functions.
25. Why does DNA replication take place at many locations on the DNA molecule simultaneously?
26. When replication is complete, how do the 2 new DNA molecules compare to each other & to the original
DNA molecule?
27. Is DNA replicated before or after mitosis?
MICROSCOPES (1.4 and R8)
1. What type of microscope do we use in lab at SWHS?
2. Explain the steps you would need to take in order to view an image under the high power objective. (Start
at the very beginning!)
3. What is the difference between ocular and objective lenses?
4. What part of a microscope helps adjust the brightness of an image?
5. When focusing on high power, which knob is used to get a clear image?
6. The coarse adjustment knob is used to focus an image only on what power(s)?
7. What should be done whenever you are finished using a microscope?
8. What would be the total magnification, if you were using a 40X objective?
9. Explain the difference between a TEM and an SEM?
10. If I wanted to view the mitochondria of a muscle cell, which type of microscope should I use?
11. If I wanted to see the surface of the eye of a fly, what type of microscope should I use?