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Transcript
THE GENETIC CODE THE STRUCTURE OF DNA WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CHROMOSOME, GENE, AND DNA? A gene is a section of DNA that gives the code for a specific protein to be made. Gene THE STRUCTURE OF DNA • DNA structure looks like a twisted ladder. • The sides of the ‘ladder’ are made of a sugar molecule, deoxyribose, alternating with a phosphate molecule. • The rungs of the ‘ladder’ are made of nitrogen bases. • Adenine • Thymine • Guanine • cytosine BETWEEN THE GENES • STRs are short, repeating sequences of nitrogen bases that occur between the genes on the DNA strand. • Sizes of STRs is different in each person. • Used for DNA fingerprinting WHAT IS THE GENETIC CODE? • The sequence of the nitrogen bases form the code. Certain combinations of three bases will code for a specific amino acid. Amino acids link together to form a protein. DNA REPLICATION DNA replication is when a DNA molecule creates an exact copy of itself. • Happens during Interphase. • Unzips the helix • Complimentary pairing of the nitrogen bases. • Exact copy is made. • Mitosis and prophase begin.
