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Cell Parts and Their Jobs
What are Cells?

Basic units of all living things

Building blocks of life

Needed for growing,
repairing/replacing damaged
cells
Cell Membrane

Location:
Surrounds all cells

Function:
–
–
Gives the cell shape
Controls what
moves into and out
of cell
Cytoplasm

Location: Throughout
the cell

Function:
Clear, jellylike material

–
Provides cushion for all
organelles
Nucleus

Location: Near center
of cell

Function:
–
Controls cell’s activities
–
Contains genetic
information in the form of
chromosomes/DNA
Nuclear Membrane/Envelope

Location: Surrounds
the nucleus

Function:
–
Protects nucleus from
the rest of the cell
–
Openings (pores) allow
materials to move into
and out of nucleus
Nucleolus

Location: Inside the
nucleus

Function:
–
Makes ribosomes
Chromatin

Location: Inside the
nucleus

Function:
–
Threadlike structures
that determine what
traits a living thing will
have
–
“genetic blueprints” for
cell operations
Chromosomes

Location: Inside the
nucleus

Function:
– Pairs of DNA
– Contain instructions
for cell activities
DNA : Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Location: Inside the
nucleus

Function:
–
–
Creates genes: determine
traits of organisms
Contains information for
making proteins
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)


Location: Cytoplasm
Function:
–
–


Network of tubes in the cell
Transports materials from
nucleus to cytoplasmthroughout cell
Smooth ER-no ribosomes
Rough ER-has ribosomes
Ribosomes

Location: Cytoplasm
or on the Rough ER

Function:
–
make proteins
Golgi Bodies

Location: Cytoplasm

Function:
–
Curved sacs that
package/store proteins
Mitochondria

Location: Cytoplasm

Function:

–
Sausage shaped
–
Breaks down nutrients to
produces energy
“Powerhouses” of the
cell
Vacuole

Location: Cytoplasm

Function:
–

Stores food, water, and
wastes
Larger in plant cells

Helps support the plant
Lysosomes

Location: Cytoplasm

Function:
–

Digests proteins, food,
water, and worn out cell
parts
Mainly found in Animal
Cells
Cell Wall

Location: surrounds
plant cells
–
–

Outside cell membrane
Rigid, non-living
Function: Protect and
support cell
Chloroplasts

Location: Cytoplasm

Contain green pigment
chlorophyll

Function:
–
Change light energy to
sugar [glucose] during
Photosynthesis
Plastid

Location: Cytoplasm

Function:
–
Contains pigments to
give plants color