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Transcript
Cell Parts and Their Jobs What are Cells? Basic units of all living things Building blocks of life Needed for growing, repairing/replacing damaged cells Cell Membrane Location: Surrounds all cells Function: – – Gives the cell shape Controls what moves into and out of cell Cytoplasm Location: Throughout the cell Function: Clear, jellylike material – Provides cushion for all organelles Nucleus Location: Near center of cell Function: – Controls cell’s activities – Contains genetic information in the form of chromosomes/DNA Nuclear Membrane/Envelope Location: Surrounds the nucleus Function: – Protects nucleus from the rest of the cell – Openings (pores) allow materials to move into and out of nucleus Nucleolus Location: Inside the nucleus Function: – Makes ribosomes Chromatin Location: Inside the nucleus Function: – Threadlike structures that determine what traits a living thing will have – “genetic blueprints” for cell operations Chromosomes Location: Inside the nucleus Function: – Pairs of DNA – Contain instructions for cell activities DNA : Deoxyribonucleic Acid Location: Inside the nucleus Function: – – Creates genes: determine traits of organisms Contains information for making proteins Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Location: Cytoplasm Function: – – Network of tubes in the cell Transports materials from nucleus to cytoplasmthroughout cell Smooth ER-no ribosomes Rough ER-has ribosomes Ribosomes Location: Cytoplasm or on the Rough ER Function: – make proteins Golgi Bodies Location: Cytoplasm Function: – Curved sacs that package/store proteins Mitochondria Location: Cytoplasm Function: – Sausage shaped – Breaks down nutrients to produces energy “Powerhouses” of the cell Vacuole Location: Cytoplasm Function: – Stores food, water, and wastes Larger in plant cells Helps support the plant Lysosomes Location: Cytoplasm Function: – Digests proteins, food, water, and worn out cell parts Mainly found in Animal Cells Cell Wall Location: surrounds plant cells – – Outside cell membrane Rigid, non-living Function: Protect and support cell Chloroplasts Location: Cytoplasm Contain green pigment chlorophyll Function: – Change light energy to sugar [glucose] during Photosynthesis Plastid Location: Cytoplasm Function: – Contains pigments to give plants color