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3.3 Cell Membrane The student is expected to: 3E evaluate models according to their limitations in representing biological objects or events; 4B investigate and explain cellular processes, including homeostasis, energy conversions, transport of molecules, and synthesis of new molecules; TEKS 3E, 4B, 9A 3.3 Cell Membrane TEKS 3E, 4B, 9A (Continued) 9A compare the structures and functions of different types of biomolecules, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids 3.3 Cell Membrane TEKS 3E, 4B, 9A KEY CONCEPT The cell membrane is a barrier that separates a cell from the external environment. 3.3 Cell Membrane TEKS 3E, 4B, 9A Cell membranes are composed of two phospholipid layers. 3.3 Cell Membrane TEKS 3E, 4B, 9A Cell membranes are composed of two phospholipid layers. • The cell membrane has two major functions. cell membrane 3.3 Cell Membrane TEKS 3E, 4B, 9A Cell membranes are composed of two phospholipid layers. • The cell membrane has two major functions. – forms a boundary between inside and outside of the cell cell membrane inside cell outside cell 3.3 Cell Membrane TEKS 3E, 4B, 9A Cell membranes are composed of two phospholipid layers. • The cell membrane has two major functions. – forms a boundary between inside and outside of the cell – controls passage of materials cell membrane inside cell outside cell 3.3 Cell Membrane TEKS 3E, 4B, 9A Cell membranes are composed of two phospholipid layers. 3.3 Cell Membrane TEKS 3E, 4B, 9A Cell membranes are composed of two phospholipid layers. • The cell membrane is made of a phospholipid bilayer. cell membrane 3.3 Cell Membrane TEKS 3E, 4B, 9A Cell membranes are composed of two phospholipid layers. • The cell membrane is made of a phospholipid bilayer. • There are other molecules embedded in the membrane. cell membrane carbohydrate chain cholesterol protein protein channel protein 3.3 Cell Membrane TEKS 3E, 4B, 9A Cell membranes are composed of two phospholipid layers. • The cell membrane is made of a phospholipid bilayer. • There are other molecules embedded in the membrane. • The fluid mosaic model describes the membrane. cell membrane carbohydrate chain cholesterol protein protein channel protein 3.3 Cell Membrane TEKS 3E, 4B, 9A Cell membranes are composed of two phospholipid layers. 3.3 Cell Membrane TEKS 3E, 4B, 9A Cell membranes are composed of two phospholipid layers. • The cell membrane is selectively permeable. Some molecules can cross the membrane while others cannot. 3.3 Cell Membrane TEKS 3E, 4B, 9A Cell membranes are composed of two phospholipid layers. • The cell membrane is selectively permeable. Some molecules can cross the membrane while others cannot. 3.3 Cell Membrane TEKS 3E, 4B, 9A Chemical signals are transmitted across the cell membrane. • Receptors bind with ligands and change shape. • There are two types of receptors. 3.3 Cell Membrane TEKS 3E, 4B, 9A Chemical signals are transmitted across the cell membrane. • Receptors bind with ligands and change shape. • There are two types of receptors. – intracellular receptor 3.3 Cell Membrane TEKS 3E, 4B, 9A Chemical signals are transmitted across the cell membrane. • Receptors bind with ligands and change shape. • There are two types of receptors. – intracellular receptor – membrane receptor 3.3 Cell Membrane The student is expected to: 4B investigate and explain cellular processes, including homeostasis, energy conversions, transport of molecules, and synthesis of new molecules and 9A compare the structures and functions of different types of biomolecules, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids TEKS 3E, 4B, 9A 3.3 Cell Membrane TEKS 3E, 4B, 9A KEY CONCEPT Cells use energy to transport materials that cannot diffuse across a membrane. 3.3 Cell Membrane TEKS 3E, 4B, 9A The cell theory grew out of the work of many scientists and improvements in the microscope. • Passive transport requires no energy from the cell. • Active transport is powered by chemical energy (ATP). • Active transport occurs through transport protein pumps. • Cells use active transport to maintain homeostasis. 3.3 Cell Membrane TEKS 3E, 4B, 9A A cell can import and export large materials or large amounts of material in vesicles during the processes of endocytosis and exocytosis. • Cells use energy to transport material in vesicles. • Endocytosis is the process of taking material into the cell. • Phagocytosis is a type of endocytosis. 3.3 Cell Membrane TEKS 3E, 4B, 9A A cell can import and export large materials or large amounts of material in vesicles during the processes of endocytosis and exocytosis. • Cells use energy to transport material in vesicles. • Exocytosis is the process of expelling material from the cell. 3.3 Cell Membrane The student is expected to: 4B investigate and explain cellular processes, including homeostasis, energy conversions, transport of molecules, and synthesis of new molecules and 9A compare the structures and functions of different types of biomolecules, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids TEKS 3E, 4B, 9A 3.3 Cell Membrane TEKS 3E, 4B, 9A KEY CONCEPT Cells use energy to transport materials that cannot diffuse across a membrane. 3.3 Cell Membrane TEKS 3E, 4B, 9A The cell theory grew out of the work of many scientists and improvements in the microscope. • Passive transport requires no energy from the cell. • Active transport is powered by chemical energy (ATP). • Active transport occurs through transport protein pumps. • Cells use active transport to maintain homeostasis. 3.3 Cell Membrane TEKS 3E, 4B, 9A A cell can import and export large materials or large amounts of material in vesicles during the processes of endocytosis and exocytosis. • Cells use energy to transport material in vesicles. • Endocytosis is the process of taking material into the cell. • Phagocytosis is a type of endocytosis. 3.3 Cell Membrane TEKS 3E, 4B, 9A A cell can import and export large materials or large amounts of material in vesicles during the processes of endocytosis and exocytosis. • Cells use energy to transport material in vesicles. • Exocytosis is the process of expelling material from the cell.