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10.
The Human Body
Nervous System (Part II)
Sleep CPU disconnection
This is the state of unconsciousness that we go into once in 24 hours and it
is brought about when all inputs through our five senses are cut out or
brought to a minimum. It is an important state for it helps in repair and
renew body functions for the tasks of the next day.
You will spend about a third of your time every day in sleep, your brain
activity in the form of electric rhythm continue in sleep and can be recorded.
The pattern is different than when we are awake.
Consciousness Connected, Aware
This is another word for being aware of your own existence and the
knowledge of the outer limits of your body and having a self image. This
awareness or self sense is continuously being updated by information being
sent through your five senses in interaction with others (and their reaction to
you) at your school, at home and at your place of work. It is the basis of your
self image and self esteem.
Memory Stored information and recall
Events, images and experience of emotion leave a stored information
trace in your brain, your ability to recall this information is memory. If you do
not recall this information the memory fades however frequent recall converts
it into a long term
memory.
Memories are stored according to there nature event are formed in the
hippocampus and stored in the cortex.
Skills like violin playing and football
the cerebellum.
playing
involve coordination are in
THE SPINAL CORD Regional communication exchange and dual highway
to the brain.
The spinal cord extends from the brain stem within the cranium and lies in
the spinal canal in the vertebrae upto the first lumbar vertebra where the
cord ends.
The grey matter is central in the form of an H the limbs of the H towards the
back contain the cells that receive sensory information.
The limbs of the H in front contains cells that send motor instruction to the
muscle.
The white matter of connecting fibres to and from the brain are on the outside
of this H.
31 pairs of spinal nerves leave the spinal cord for distribution to the 31
segments of the body. Thus there are nerve proceeding to the upper limbs
the trunk and the lower limbs.
There are eight cervical nerves, twelve thoracic, five lumbar, five sacral and
one cocegeal nerve. The segmented distribution helps to identify the source
of incoming sensory information and accurate direction of messages for
action to muscles of the
specific segment.
The spinal cord can act independent of the brain and can initiate action on
receiving a message. These actions are called reflex action.
Reflexes Regional exchange in action
Some message received are urgent (like touching a hot object) these
actions require urgent reaction (removing hand from the object) this
instruction is given by the spinal cord (without waiting for brain reaction)
these are reflex actions.
Babies have a similar gripping reflex. If you put any thing in their hand they
grip it. They are born with this reflex.
The knee jerk reflex is the one most often tested when you visit a doctor it is
a test of good function of your central nervous system.
Spinal Signals The dual carriagway to the brain-The spinal cord is made of
white matter which is made of the long filaments of nerve cells; and grey
matter which is the made of cell bodies.
- Nerve signals can only travel one way along a nerve, so some
nerves carry signals down the spine (the descending pathway) and
some carry them up (the ascending pathway).
-
An adult's spinal cord is 43cm long and 2cm thick. It stop growing
when you are four or five years old.
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