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Laboratory #1 Lecture Guide: Forensic DNA Fingerprinting Advanced DNA/Genetics Kelavkar Wheeler High School Center for Advanced Studies Day #1: Restriction Enzyme Digest 1. Why does a DNA molecule have an overall negative charge? 2. What’s the function of a restriction enzyme? 3. Why might it be evolutionary advantageous for bacteria to evolve to produce restriction enzymes? 4. What’s another way to say ‘restriction enzyme’ (really, this is the more scientific way)? 5. How are restriction enzymes named? 6. As you know by now, restriction enzymes are ‘molecular scissors’ that cut up pieces of DNA. What are the two possible end products for the cutting of RE’s? Draw two pictures below. 7. What’s a palindromic sequence? 8. What’s RFLP and why is it so important when conducting gel electrophoresis? Day #2: Agarose Gel Electrophoresis 1. What is the whole point of gel electrophoresis? 2. Why must we always load the DNA on the negative end of the chamber? 3. What is the relationship between the gel’s density and the movement of the DNA fragments? 4. Why must we stain our gel’s? Day #3: Visualization of Gel 1. Use the graph below to explain how you plan on going about graphing your data. 100,000 Distance (mm) 23,000 11.0 9,400 13.0 6,500 15.0 4,400 18.0 2,300 23.0 2,000 24.0 10,000 Size, base pairs Size (bp) B 1,000 100 0 5 10 15 Distance, mm 20 A 25 30