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Anatomy & Physiology a Reading Guide Chapter 6 Part I
The Nervous System - Key
Directions: Read pages 228 through 237 of your text to help you answer the questions
that follow.
What is the role of the nervous system?
It is the master controlling and communicating system of the body.
What are the three overlapping functions of the nervous system? Give an example of
each.
Sensory input, integration, motor output
i.e. – you see a red light (sensory input), your nervous system integrates this
info (red light means stop) and sends motor output to the muscles of your right
leg and foot, and your foot goes for the break pedal (response).
What are the two subdivisions of the nervous system and what do they consist of?
CNS – brain & spinal cord
PNS – consists mainly of nerves that extend from the brain and spinal cord
What are the subdivisions of the PNS and what is their function?
Sensor/afferent division – consists of nerves that convey impulses TO the CNS
Motor/efferent division – carries impulses FROM the CNS to effector organs
What are the two subdivisions of the motor division and what is their function?
Somatic nervous system – allows us to consciously, or voluntarily, control our
skeletal muscles
Autonomic nervous system – regulates events that are automatic, or involuntary
What are the two principal types of cells that makes up nervous tissue?
Supporting cells and neurons
For each of the following neuroglia or “glia,” list its function and draw a picture:
Type
Astrocytes:
Microglia:
Ependymal Cells:
Oligodendrocytes
Function
Sketch
What is the function of a neuron?
They are highly specialized cells that transmit messages (nerve impulses) from
one part of the body to another.
You will take a closer look at the neuron structure and its function during lecture. Prior
to, make sure to read this section so you have a better understanding of its parts and its
responsibilities.
What does MS stand for and what is it?
Multiple sclerosis – this is an autoimmune disease where the myelin sheaths
around the fibers are gradually destroyed and converted to hardened sheaths called
scleroses. When this happen it causes the “electrical current” to become short
circuited. Symptoms could include such things as visual and speech disturbances,
unable to control muscle, and over time the person can become disabled. At the
current time there is no cure however hormones can be injected to provide some relief.
How are neurons classified?
How they function and by their structure