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The section highlighted in yellow is plagiarized (because the words are not in quotes)
from the following website: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA
The section highlighted in green is plagiarized (because the words are not in quotes) from
the following website: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmental_biology
Paragraph one plagiarized the structure of the first paragraph from the following website:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA
THE STRUCTURE AND SIGNIFICANT OF DNA TO LIFE
The DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) is "a complex, high-molecular-weight biochemical
macromolecule composed of nucleotide chains that convey genetic information’' (1, 4). It
is regularly in the form of a double helix, having the hereditary instructions indicating the
biological development (the study of the process by which organisms grow and develop)
of all the cellular forms of living and micro organisms (1). It is very long molecule
consisting of structural unit of nucleotides and encodes the series of the amino acid
remains in the protein using the hereditary code, a ''triplet code of nucleotides" (1).
The DNA is often called the molecule of genetics, because of its responsibility to
hereditary propagation of mainly inherited traits. "It is replicated and can be transmitted
to offspring during duplicating in the process of cell division. The DNA is a pair of
molecules joined by the hydrogen bond’. All the DNA strands are chain of the nucleotide.
There are about four types of nucleotides namely: (A) Adenine, (C) Cytosine, (G)
Guanine and (T) Thymine. A is paired with T while G with C, that is A+T, T+A, C+G,
G+C are possible combination and A+T is not the same as T+A as well as C+G is not the
same as G+C (1).The DNA contains the hereditary information that is innate by the brood
of an organism; ‘this information is determined by the sequence of the base pair along its
length"(1).
The DNA strand has an area "that regulate genes and areas where the functions are yet
unknown or they do not have a function. The DNA is found throughout the body in cells,
within cells in chromosomes and within each chromosome in genes. The body is formed
from between 50 and 100 trillion cells. These cells are organised into tissues, such as
skin, muscle and bone. Humans have two sets of 23 chromosomes in every cell, the Y
chromosome and the X chromosome, the Y is for male and X for female therefore a
human cell contains 46 of these chromosomal DNA molecules" (1, 2).
The DNA helps in identifying people. "We use the DNA tests to find out about our
relatives, families and also to trace the criminals. No matter how differently we appear, in
hair colours, facial structures, our movement, habits and other characteristics. These
differences result from very little differences in their DNA sequences. The DNA of any
two people on Earth is in fact, 99.9% identical. We inherit one copy from each parent, we
have two copies. In order to understand fully our DNA sequences, both inherited copies
of genes need to be carefully examined" (1).
The Deoxyribonucleic acid can be used to trace a criminal by comparing the "DNA data
from the crime sight to the DNA profiles of the suspects using the CODIS sites, if the
DNA samples match absolutely at the 13 regions used in the FBI’s CODIS system, then
the probability that they come from two related people are 100%. This method helps in
the identification of a relevant person for the scene" (1).
Reference:
1. Wikipedia contributors. DNA. [Internet]. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopaedia, 2006
May 3, 10:11, PTA Available from: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA ].
2. Wikipedia contributors. Gene [Internet]. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopaedia; 2006
May 02, 10:00, PTA. Available from:
[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gene&oldid=50087668].
3. Wikipedia contributors, biological development [internet]. Wikipedia, The Free
Encyclopaedia, 2006 May 03, 12:50, PTA. Available from
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmental_biology].
4. Wikipedia contributors, biological development [internet]. Wikipedia, The Free
Encyclopaedia, 2006 May 03, 12:50, PTA. Available from
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleic_acid].
Ms Evelyn Maleka
CILLA CSIR
P.O. Box 395
Pretoria 0001
Tel: (012) 841 2133
Fax: 012 842 7024
Email: [email protected]
http://malekaevelyn.blogspot.com/
posted by Maleka Evelyn at Friday, May 05, 2006