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Studyguide for Chapter 7 Cell Structure and Function
Things to study for your test: this study guide, your notes and note sheets from
Power points, lab handouts, vocabulary words, key concepts from book, cell analogy
worksheet (A cell is like a factory…)
1. In many cells, the structure that controls the cell’s activities is the
a. Cell membrane
b. Organelle
c. Nucleolus
d. Nucleus
2. Despite differences in size and shape, all cells have DNA and a
a. Cell wall
b. Cell membrane
c. Mitochondrion
d. Nucleus
3. What distinguishes a eukaryotic cell from a prokaryotic cells is the presence of a
a. Cell wall
b. Nucleus
c. DNA
d. Ribosomes
4. Create a table that summarizes the contributions made to the cell theory by Robert
Hooke, Matthias Schleiden, Theodor Schwann, and Rudolf Virchow.
5. What was significant about Anton van Leeuwenhoek?
6. If you wanted to observe a living organism – an amoeba, for example – which type of
microscope would you use?
7. In eukaryotic cells, chromosomes carrying genetic information are found in the
a. Ribosomes
b. Lysosomes
c. Nucleus
d. Cell membrane
8. The organelles that break down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins into small
molecules that can be used by the cell are called
a. Vacuoles
b. Lysosomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Microfilaments
9. How do microfilaments help cellular movement?
10. Cell membranes consist mainly of
a. Lipid bilayers
b. Protein pumps
c. Carbohydrates
d. Proteins
11. Draw a cell nucleus. Label and give the functions of: chromatin, nucleolus, and
nuclear envelope.
12. What is the function of a ribosome?
13. Describe the role of the Golgi apparatus.
14. The pancreas, an organ present in certain animals, produces enzymes used elsewhere
in the animals’ digestive systems. Which type of cell structure(s) might produce those
enzymes? Explain your answer.
15. For each of the following, indicate if the structure is found only in eukaryotes, or it if
is found in eukaryotes and prokaryotes.
a. Cell membrane - Prokaryote
Eukaryote
b. Mitochondria - Prokaryote
Eukaryote
c. Ribosome Prokaryote
Eukaryote
d. Golgi apparatus - Prokaryote
Eukaryote
e. Nucleus Prokaryote
Eukaryote
f. Cytoplasm Prokaryote
Eukaryote
g. DNA Prokaryote
Eukaryote
16. The movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane is
a. Exocytosis
b. Phagocytosis
c. Endocytosis
d. Osmosis
17. A substance that moves by passive transport tends to move
a. Away from the area of equilibrium
b. Away from the area that’s less concentrated
c. Away from the area that’s more concentrated
d. Toward the area that’s more concentrated
18. Describe the process of diffusion, including the word equilibrium in your answer.
19. What is the relationship between diffusion and osmosis?
20. What is the difference between passive and active transport?
21. What would happen to a sample of your red blood cells if they were placed in a
hypotonic solution? Explain. (Remember, hypotonic is describing where solutes are.
If the solution is hypotonic, does it have more solutes or more water?)
22. Which of the following is true of ALL single-celled organisms?
a. All are prokaryotic
b. All are bacteria
c. All reproduce
d. All have a nucleus
23. Tissues are composed of a group of
a. Similar cells
b. Related organelles
c. Organ systems
d. Related organs
24. Explain the relationship among cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems.
25. Describe the relationship among cell specialization, multi-cellular organisms, and
homeostasis.
26. Would you expect skin cells to contain more or fewer mitochondria than muscle
cells? Explain your answer

Can you give an answer to each of the Chapter’s Key Questions? Find each one
in the book at the beginning of the section and see if you can answer it without
looking it up! Then check the answer in that section to see if you were right!
Vocabulary Ch 7 Words
Cell
Lipid bilayer
Cell theory
Selectively permeable
Cell membrane
Diffusion
Nucleus
Facilitated diffusion
Eukaryote
Aquaporin
Prokaryote
Osmosis
Cytoplasm
Isotonic
Organelle
Hypertonic
Vacuole
Hypotonic
Lysosome
Osmotic pressure
Cytoskeleton
Homeostasis
Centriole
Tissue
Ribosome
Organ
Endoplasmic reticulum
Organ system
Golgi apparatus
Receptor
Chloroplast
Cell junction (not vocab word, but know
Mitochondrion
this!
Cell wall