Download DEF: colored body

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Cell Organelles: Cells take on a variety of shapes and sizes based on their function. For example,
plant cells, that specialize in photosynthesis and that lack the ability to move, appear very different from
cells found in the sides of our cheeks. Similarly, nerve cells that function to send messages throughout
our body appear very different from white blood cells that protect our body from infection. However,
even with all of these differences, there are many similarities among all cells. In the following activity,
you record the size of the organelle (in the scale provided), address the function of this organelle, and
make an analogy of this organelle to something more familiar to you.
Organelle Name/Image
Size/Shape
Function
This is the size of
the plant cell. This
is the outermost part
of a plant cell.
This is the part of a plant cell that
gives the cell shape and helps to
support the plant. The cell wall is
made of cellulose – a tough
molecule that is hard to break down
through digestion.
Cell Wall – PLANTS and
FUNGI
Cell Membrane
Analogy
This organelle is like a/n:
because:
Homeostasis
This is the size of
the cell. The cell
membrane, also
called the plasma
membrane, is the
outermost part of an
animal cell.
This part of ALL cells allows some,
but not all things INTO and OUT of
the cell.
This watery liquid
fills the entirety of
the cell membrane.
Fills up the cell to give the cell
structure. It provides a watery
environment for all cell functions.
(Mostly water)
Homeostasis
This protects the cell as well
(especially animal cells).
This organelle is like a:
because:
Homeostasis
This organelle is like a:
because:
DEF: cell, liquid
Cytoplasm
2 m x 8m
oval shaped
Chloroplasts - PLANTS
one, to many, in a
PLANT cell,
membranes inside
Create sugar or carbohydrates
using water, sun and CO2.
This organelle is like a:
METABOLISM
because:
They break down or use sugar to
make ATP.
This organelle is like a:
DEF: colored body
1 m x 2m
oval shaped
many in a cell
ATP is the energy units used by
cells to do work.
membranes inside
METABOLISM
21 nm in diameter
These make PROTEINS from
smaller pieces called amino acids
(the instructions for making
PROTEIN come form DNA)
because:
Mitochondria
2 subunits
float in the
cytoplasm OR are
attached to the ER
This organelle is like a:
because:
HOMEOSTASIS
Ribosomes
Big membrane
found all over the
cell, generally near
the nucleus.
Starts packaging process for
proteins and sends the package to
the Golgi Apparatus.
HOMEOSTASIS
Endoplasmic Reticulum
This organelle is like a:
because:
Big membrane
found everyone in
the cell – always
near the ER.
Transports materials around the cell
and out of the cell.
This organelle is like a:
MAKES VESICLES!
because:
HOMEOSTASIS
Golgi Apparatus
200 nm in diameter
on average.
These can hold water, food, waste,
digestive enzymes/proteins…
Circular bubbles all
over cells.
For removal or storage of these
items…
HOMEOSTASIS
This organelle is like a:
because:
Vesicles/Vacuoles
25 nm by 1 nm
throughout the cell
These proteins give a cell support
and structure. They are used to
help a cell move AND to move
things around a cell.
This organelle is like a:
because:
HOMEOSTASIS
Microtubules/filaments &
Cytoskeleton
15 to 80 m – the
size depends on
how much water is
in the plant cell.
Large water sacks that help give a
plant its structure – it helps the plant
stand up straight and not WILT.
HOMEOSTASIS
Central Vacuole – PLANTS
This organelle is like a:
because:
5m in diameter,
usually round like a
ball
This holds the DNA and keeps it
safe. This is where RNA is made.
This organelle is like a:
HOMEOSTASIS
because:
These holes allow things in and out
of the nucleus.
This organelle is like a:
Nucleus
50 nm in diameter –
these are holes in
the nucleus
membrane
DNA is too big to fit through these
holes.
RNA can fit through these holes.
because:
HOMEOSTASIS
Nuclear Pores
Small dark patch
inside the nucleus
This is the site of DNA transcription
(parts of DNA are copied into a
different form called RNA).
HOMEOSTASIS+
This organelle is like a:
because:
Nucleolus
2 nm by 6 cm!
(average human)
This is the CODE or instructions for
making PROTEINS (all cell
structures and all cell functions!).
This organelle is like a:
long, long molecule
Chromatin/Chromosomes and
DNA
HEREDITY
because:
Long, thin, tail-like
structure (made of
microtubules)
This helps a cell to move or swim.
This organelle is like a:
HOMEOSTASIS
because:
Flagella – mostly ANIMALS
Short and finger-like
projections from a
cell membrane
These microvilli help a cell to
This organelle is like a:
increase its surface area (for
bringing food/waste into and out of a
cell). Also, these can move to help
move OTHER things to cells in
because:
different directions.
HOMEOSTASIS
Microvilli – mostly ANIMALS
Bundles of
microtubules
Used in cell division – anchors
microtubules to form a web of them
inside a cell to help pull things apart
to separate into two cells.
This organelle is like a:
because:
Centrioles – mostly ANIMALS
REPRODUCTION
Small hairs
Cilia – mostly ANIMALS
These help a cell to move or swim.
This organelle is like a:
HOMEOSTASIS
because: