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Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________ Skills Worksheet Active Reading Section: Cell Reproduction Read the passage below. Then answer the questions that follow. A gene is a segment of DNA that codes for RNA and protein. A single molecule of DNA has thousands of genes lined up like the cars of a train. When genes are being used, the strand of DNA is stretched out so that the information it contains can be decoded and used to direct the synthesis of proteins needed by the cell. As a eukaryotic cell prepares to divide, the DNA and the proteins associated with the DNA coil into a structure called a chromosome. Before the DNA coils up, however, the DNA is copied. The two exact copies of DNA that make up each chromosome are called chromatids. In the chromatids, the DNA is very condensed. The two chromatids, which become separated during cell division and are placed into each new cell, ensure that each new cell has the same genetic information as the original cell. SKILL: READING EFFECTIVELY Read each question, and write your answer in the space provided. 1. How are genes and DNA related? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 2. What occurs to a DNA strand as its genes are being used? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 3. How are chromatids and chromosomes related? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ An analogy is a comparison. In the space provided, write the letter of the term that best completes the analogy. _____ 4. A train is to cars as a molecule of DNA is to a. chromatids. b. genes. c. proteins. d. RNA. Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Biology 8 Cell Growth and Division