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DNA NOTES
I. What is DNA
1.
2. DNA has a twisted ladder shape or ________________
3. The DNA model was created by___________&____________
II. DNA Model
Made of 3 Major Components
1.
2.
3.
4 Different Bases
1. __________
2. __________
3. __________
4. __________
Bases Occur in pairs
A nucleotide is when one phosphate group, one
nitrogen base and one _______________ are
A pairs with____
linked together. They make up the parts of the
C pairs with ____
ladder.
DNA Replication(copying)
1.
2.
3.
Why is DNA Replication so important?
* Match the complimentary bases with this strand of DNA.
A C G T C A T C C T T G A
GENES
 DNA stores the instructions for making ______________that
determine such traits as _________, _________,
_________ and tasting.
 The instructions to make these certain proteins are found on
______
 The genes determine the order of _______ _______ to be
made
 Changing the order of Amino acids changes the _________ to
be made
Ordering of How Traits Are Produced

Nitrogen bases code for the type of _______ _______to be
made

Different ______ _________sequence makes different
proteins.
 __________ determine which traits you are going to have
Making Proteins
 The codes for proteins are carried by another nucleic acid called
________
RNA
 RNA  Has bases A, G, C, but has ______________ instead of ________
3 Kinds of RNA( all made from DNA)
1. Messenger RNA(
) -
)–
2. Transfer RNA (
3. Ribosomal RNA (
)
* How Proteins are made
1.
2.
3.
4.
Mutations
 Mutations are ________________________________________
 If DNA isn’t copied right then ____________________________
What are some causes of mutations?
1.
2.
3.
 Without the correct protein what can happen?
1.
2.
3.
 Mutations in the _____________ may not be as serious
 Mutations in _____________ mean that the mutation is permanent.
 Mutations bring ___________ to a species.
 Mutations can be ________________ and _____________
Can you answer these?
How are proteins made?
What is DNA, and its function?
What is a gene, and its function?
What is a mutation, and what causes them?
What is the structure and function of DNA?