Download Non-Mendelian Genetics Test Review

6H Test Review Answers
1.
What is chromosomal analysis? Chromosomal analysis is a procedure that isolates the chromosome
pairs so that they may be visualized to determine abnormalities.
2.
What structure (picture) do we use to determine Trisomy 21? A karyotype is used to study chromosomal
abnormalities
3. What is the anomaly in the karyotype below? Is the human a female or male? Trisomy 21 (extra
chromosome on the 21st pair. This is a male with Downs syndrome (XY)
4. Explain (in detail) the process of Gel Electrophoresis. Restriction enzymes are used to cut DNA into
fragments. DNA is placed in an agarose gel, then fragments are separated based on size using electricity
with smaller molecules moving faster and therefore farther than larger ones.
5. Why is DNA fingerprinting used (List at least 3 examples)? Criminal investigation, paternity, maternity,
personal identification
6. Look at the DNA fingerprints below.
a. Which suspect was at the crime scene?
Suspect #2
b. Which pair of parents’ DNA match the soldier’s DNA?
Parents C & D
7. What are genetically modified organisms (GMO)? List 2 examples. GMO’s have had their DNA altered
by humans. For example, vegetables and fruits have been genetically engineered to grow with fewer
pesticides, grow faster, and grow bigger. corn, glow fish, purple cauliflower
8. Describe the Human Genome Project.
The Human Genome Project took 13 years to complete. Headed by the United States government along
with other countries such as Japan, China, Germany, scientists mapped out the entire human genomic
sequence.
9. Answer the questions about the following pedigree.
a. How many children did the couple in Generation 1 have? 3
b. What do the shaded shapes mean? Shaded shapes have the recessive trait
c. Who are carriers of the trait in this Figure? Color the shapes half in for carriers. 2
d. Explain what a carrier means. A carrier has the genes for the recessive trait but doesn’t have the
disease
e. If the trait is sex-linked recessive, label all the genotypes.
XnY
XNXN
XNXn
XNXn
XNXn
XNY
XNY
XNY
?
?
XnY
N
X Y
?
XNY