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7.3 Gene Linkage and Mapping KEY CONCEPT Genes can be mapped to specific locations on chromosomes. 7.3 Gene Linkage and Mapping Gene linkage was explained through fruit flies. • Morgan found that linked traits are on the same chromosome. • Chromosomes, not genes, assort independently during meiosis. Wild type Mutant 7.3 Gene Linkage and Mapping • Linked genes are not inherited together every time. • Chromosomes exchange homologous genes during meiosis. 7.3 Gene Linkage and Mapping Linkage maps estimate distances between genes. • The closer together two genes are, the more likely they will be inherited together. • Cross-over frequencies are related to distances between genes. – The higher the frequency, the further the genes are apart • Linkage maps show the relative locations of genes. 7.3 Gene Linkage and Mapping • Cross-over frequencies can be converted into map units. • Ex: A 5% cross-over frequency equals 5 map units. – gene A and gene B cross over 6.0 percent of the time – gene B and gene C cross over 12.5 percent of the time – gene A and gene C cross over 18.5 percent of the time 7.3 Gene Linkage and Mapping Draw a linkage map based on the following cross over percentages: • A – B = 8% • B – C = 10% • A – C = 2% 8.0 B 2.0 A 8.0 + 2.0 = 10.0 C
