From the "Modern Synthesis" to cybernetics: Ivan Ivanovich
... Nikolai A. Vavilov (1887–1943), who disappeared in a prison camp. It was extremely dangerous to criticize Lysenko in this situation. However, first in the Literaturnaja Gazeta6 (1947) and then in his paper at the conference on Darwinism (February 3–8, 1948) Schmalhausen, along with the plant physiol ...
... Nikolai A. Vavilov (1887–1943), who disappeared in a prison camp. It was extremely dangerous to criticize Lysenko in this situation. However, first in the Literaturnaja Gazeta6 (1947) and then in his paper at the conference on Darwinism (February 3–8, 1948) Schmalhausen, along with the plant physiol ...
Sympatric speciation in animals: the ugly duckling grows up
... a result of new models substantiating its plausibility and new evidence that the conditions specified by the models are met in many natural populations. Retrospective phylogenetic and population genetic signatures of sympatric speciation have also been derived, and these are beginning to be tested. ...
... a result of new models substantiating its plausibility and new evidence that the conditions specified by the models are met in many natural populations. Retrospective phylogenetic and population genetic signatures of sympatric speciation have also been derived, and these are beginning to be tested. ...
Is Organismic Fitness at the Basis of Evolutionary Theory?
... simply is the average of individual fitness values, then individual fitness is assuredly the conceptually fundamental notion for (TF1). On (TF1), trait fitnesses can be defined in terms of individual fitnesses, but the converse is impossible. Similarly, information about individual fitness can deriv ...
... simply is the average of individual fitness values, then individual fitness is assuredly the conceptually fundamental notion for (TF1). On (TF1), trait fitnesses can be defined in terms of individual fitnesses, but the converse is impossible. Similarly, information about individual fitness can deriv ...
Why Natural Selection cannot Explain Rationality
... Of course, Sober applies the ceteris paribus conditions. But the assumption of organisms having the same degree of rationality is of particular importance. Unlike the environmental/informational constraint assumption, rationality is part of the organism that is subject to selection. For nature to d ...
... Of course, Sober applies the ceteris paribus conditions. But the assumption of organisms having the same degree of rationality is of particular importance. Unlike the environmental/informational constraint assumption, rationality is part of the organism that is subject to selection. For nature to d ...
Recurrent gene duplication leads to diverse repertoires of
... 40 million years ago. This finding more than doubles the number of known CenH3 duplications in animal species and suggests that most Drosophila species encode two or more Cid paralogs, in contrast to current view that most animal species only encode a single CenH3 gene. We show that duplicate Cid ge ...
... 40 million years ago. This finding more than doubles the number of known CenH3 duplications in animal species and suggests that most Drosophila species encode two or more Cid paralogs, in contrast to current view that most animal species only encode a single CenH3 gene. We show that duplicate Cid ge ...
Reconceptualising Evolution by Natural Selection
... This thesis examines the theoretical and philosophical underpinnings of the concept of natural selection which is pervasively invoked in biology and other ‘evolutionary’ domains. Although what constitutes the process of natural selection appears to be very intuitive (natural selection results from e ...
... This thesis examines the theoretical and philosophical underpinnings of the concept of natural selection which is pervasively invoked in biology and other ‘evolutionary’ domains. Although what constitutes the process of natural selection appears to be very intuitive (natural selection results from e ...
Adaptive landscapes - BOA Bicocca Open Archive
... “public dress” when, as in Richard Dawkins’s book Climbing Mount Improbable (1996), they are used to explain and spread (sometimes, defend) evolution to the public in an appealing and persuasive way. So when I, Telmo Pievani and our group and the University of Milano Bicocca started a research progr ...
... “public dress” when, as in Richard Dawkins’s book Climbing Mount Improbable (1996), they are used to explain and spread (sometimes, defend) evolution to the public in an appealing and persuasive way. So when I, Telmo Pievani and our group and the University of Milano Bicocca started a research progr ...
wmgenes2 - Cucurbit Breeding
... they have dgdg genotype (Rhodes, 1986). The juvenile albino ja (Zhang et al., 1996b) gene causes reduced chlorophyll in seedling tissues, as well as leaf margins and fruit rind when plants are grown under short day conditions. The dominant gene Sp (Poole, 1944) causes round yellow spots to form on c ...
... they have dgdg genotype (Rhodes, 1986). The juvenile albino ja (Zhang et al., 1996b) gene causes reduced chlorophyll in seedling tissues, as well as leaf margins and fruit rind when plants are grown under short day conditions. The dominant gene Sp (Poole, 1944) causes round yellow spots to form on c ...
Chapter 6: The survival value approach
... S a species. Wimsatt (1972) argues that function attributions have the following form: According to theory T, a function of behaviour B of item i in system S in environment E relative to (purpose, standard or perspective) P is to do C (Wimsatt 1972: 42).1 ...
... S a species. Wimsatt (1972) argues that function attributions have the following form: According to theory T, a function of behaviour B of item i in system S in environment E relative to (purpose, standard or perspective) P is to do C (Wimsatt 1972: 42).1 ...
The Influence of Anticodon–Codon Interactions and Modified Bases
... in the high-expression genes; hence, SC is found to be negative in equation (5). This could be explained if bGC were less than bGU for some tRNAs. However, the cases with negative SC occur in species with slow growth rates, few tRNAs, and generally weak translational selection. Thus, we interpret th ...
... in the high-expression genes; hence, SC is found to be negative in equation (5). This could be explained if bGC were less than bGU for some tRNAs. However, the cases with negative SC occur in species with slow growth rates, few tRNAs, and generally weak translational selection. Thus, we interpret th ...
Sewall Wright, shifting balance theory, and the
... because Wright came to restrict the role of drift to the subpopulation level. For Provine, the “balance” of Wright’s theory tilted toward selection.3 Even if we grant that Wright changed his view about the nonadaptive taxonomic differences, Gould’s and Provine’s hardening interpretation of the devel ...
... because Wright came to restrict the role of drift to the subpopulation level. For Provine, the “balance” of Wright’s theory tilted toward selection.3 Even if we grant that Wright changed his view about the nonadaptive taxonomic differences, Gould’s and Provine’s hardening interpretation of the devel ...
Adaptive speciation: the role of natural selection in mechanisms of
... for the proliferation of new species. While suggestive, such accounts have encountered many serious difficulties. Most contemporary biologists who defend some version of adaptive speciation claim it is driven by organismic selection.6 Among those biologists, two approaches to the paradox can be identi ...
... for the proliferation of new species. While suggestive, such accounts have encountered many serious difficulties. Most contemporary biologists who defend some version of adaptive speciation claim it is driven by organismic selection.6 Among those biologists, two approaches to the paradox can be identi ...
The evolution of complex gene regulation by low
... Transcriptional regulators integrate signals from genes and the environment to ensure that the correct patterns of gene expression are maintained in the cell [1– 8]. This can be a complicated task, particularly in higher eukaryotes where processes such as cell differentiation and complex inter-cellu ...
... Transcriptional regulators integrate signals from genes and the environment to ensure that the correct patterns of gene expression are maintained in the cell [1– 8]. This can be a complicated task, particularly in higher eukaryotes where processes such as cell differentiation and complex inter-cellu ...
Affymetrix Software User Manuals
... Subject to the Affymetrix terms and conditions that govern your use of Affymetrix products, Affymetrix grants you a nonexclusive, non-transferable, non-sublicensable license to use this Affymetrix product only in accordance with the manual and written instructions provided by Affymetrix. You underst ...
... Subject to the Affymetrix terms and conditions that govern your use of Affymetrix products, Affymetrix grants you a nonexclusive, non-transferable, non-sublicensable license to use this Affymetrix product only in accordance with the manual and written instructions provided by Affymetrix. You underst ...
Are Random Drift and Natural Selection - Philsci
... because there has been some controversy as to which processes should be considered random drift (Beatty 1992). Indeed, different authors will describe different subsets of this list as constituting the different kinds of random drift processes. For reasons of space, I will discuss only two of these ...
... because there has been some controversy as to which processes should be considered random drift (Beatty 1992). Indeed, different authors will describe different subsets of this list as constituting the different kinds of random drift processes. For reasons of space, I will discuss only two of these ...
Sympatric speciation: when is it possible
... Assume that all the individuals are able to utilize both resources, but small size gives an advantage in a competition for one of them while large size is advantageous in a competition for the other. Then in a population of small individuals the intermediates as well as the large ones will have an a ...
... Assume that all the individuals are able to utilize both resources, but small size gives an advantage in a competition for one of them while large size is advantageous in a competition for the other. Then in a population of small individuals the intermediates as well as the large ones will have an a ...
Review Phenotypic plasticity and experimental evolution
... hierarchical fashion. In general, natural and sexual selection will tend to act more strongly at higher levels of biological organization, as indicated by the relative thickness of the black arrows. As typically viewed by organismal and evolutionary biologists, selection acts on phenotypic variation ...
... hierarchical fashion. In general, natural and sexual selection will tend to act more strongly at higher levels of biological organization, as indicated by the relative thickness of the black arrows. As typically viewed by organismal and evolutionary biologists, selection acts on phenotypic variation ...
Darwinism Memes And Creativity_opus
... from nature to culture. I will concentrate on two theories: The Darwinian approach to creativity and the theory of memes, usually called memetics. The Darwinian approach to creativity states that novelty in culture is created by a Darwinian process of blind variation and selection. In being creative ...
... from nature to culture. I will concentrate on two theories: The Darwinian approach to creativity and the theory of memes, usually called memetics. The Darwinian approach to creativity states that novelty in culture is created by a Darwinian process of blind variation and selection. In being creative ...
3 Ontological analogy: Genes and memes
... from nature to culture. I will concentrate on two theories: The Darwinian approach to creativity and the theory of memes, usually called memetics. The Darwinian approach to creativity states that novelty in culture is created by a Darwinian process of blind variation and selection. In being creative ...
... from nature to culture. I will concentrate on two theories: The Darwinian approach to creativity and the theory of memes, usually called memetics. The Darwinian approach to creativity states that novelty in culture is created by a Darwinian process of blind variation and selection. In being creative ...
DNA-mediated transformation of the filamentous fungusAspergillus
... was given that DNA is the substance that brings about genetic transformation in bacteria (Avery et al 1943; McCarty and Avery 1946)many scientists at that time were reluctant to accept the view that DNA is the carrier of genetic transformation until Hershey and Chase (1952) demonstrated that when a ...
... was given that DNA is the substance that brings about genetic transformation in bacteria (Avery et al 1943; McCarty and Avery 1946)many scientists at that time were reluctant to accept the view that DNA is the carrier of genetic transformation until Hershey and Chase (1952) demonstrated that when a ...
nosil vines funk 2005 evolution
... two types of barriers can act in isolation of each other, such that studying one may possibly provide no insight on the other and the contributions of each must be independently assessed. Such independent assessments of habitat isolation and immigrant inviability will facilitate study of the importa ...
... two types of barriers can act in isolation of each other, such that studying one may possibly provide no insight on the other and the contributions of each must be independently assessed. Such independent assessments of habitat isolation and immigrant inviability will facilitate study of the importa ...
On the assignment of fitness to parents and offspring: whose fitness
... the random (environmental) component that is uncorrelated with the phenotype of the mother or the offspring. The coef®cient, bm, de®nes the linear relationship between an individual's viability and the parental quality of its mother (which is denoted zm(t ) 1)). The subscript, (t ) 1), denotes that ...
... the random (environmental) component that is uncorrelated with the phenotype of the mother or the offspring. The coef®cient, bm, de®nes the linear relationship between an individual's viability and the parental quality of its mother (which is denoted zm(t ) 1)). The subscript, (t ) 1), denotes that ...
A Gaze-Driven Evolutionary Algorithm to Study Aesthetic Evaluation
... patterns as regular or random, and when they are attending to some other feature of the display, such as the color of the elements (Makin, Rampone, & Bertamini, 2015). This automatic visual processing is apparently in stark contrast with aesthetic evaluation: ERPs that distinguish between subjective ...
... patterns as regular or random, and when they are attending to some other feature of the display, such as the color of the elements (Makin, Rampone, & Bertamini, 2015). This automatic visual processing is apparently in stark contrast with aesthetic evaluation: ERPs that distinguish between subjective ...
Meta-analysis of phenotypic selection on flowering phenology
... 2009). Therefore, all these measures of selection should give qualitatively similar information. Studies from which we did not get the full information (in any form, numeric or in figures) needed to calculate r, were excluded from the analyses. PearsonÕs r was obtained or estimated from all the subs ...
... 2009). Therefore, all these measures of selection should give qualitatively similar information. Studies from which we did not get the full information (in any form, numeric or in figures) needed to calculate r, were excluded from the analyses. PearsonÕs r was obtained or estimated from all the subs ...
Thinking About Evolutionary Mechanisms: Natural Selection
... Mechanisms are entities and activities organized such that they are productive of regular changes from start or set-up to finish or termination conditions. (MDC, 2000, p. 3) This brief characterization is fleshed out via the mechanisms of neuronal depolarization and the mechanism of protein synthesi ...
... Mechanisms are entities and activities organized such that they are productive of regular changes from start or set-up to finish or termination conditions. (MDC, 2000, p. 3) This brief characterization is fleshed out via the mechanisms of neuronal depolarization and the mechanism of protein synthesi ...