multicopy gene family evolution on primate y chromosomes
... Contrary to previous theories, the Y chromosome is an important determinant of male phenotype [15–17]. The Y chromosome has been found to be associated with male fertility in humans [18] and even less obvious traits like lifespan [19] and locomotive activity [20] in Drosophila species. Therefore, an ...
... Contrary to previous theories, the Y chromosome is an important determinant of male phenotype [15–17]. The Y chromosome has been found to be associated with male fertility in humans [18] and even less obvious traits like lifespan [19] and locomotive activity [20] in Drosophila species. Therefore, an ...
Of Mice and Metaphysics: Natural Selection and
... problem in Section 2, I sketch a causal account of realization in Section 3. I argue that a causal account of realization can be used to provide an adequate answer to the grounding question. If the population-level properties involved in the process of selection are realized in this way, then they a ...
... problem in Section 2, I sketch a causal account of realization in Section 3. I argue that a causal account of realization can be used to provide an adequate answer to the grounding question. If the population-level properties involved in the process of selection are realized in this way, then they a ...
Density cycles and an offspring quantity and quality game driven by
... In contrast, yellow females laying large eggs had more progeny that survived to maturity than those laying small eggs. Throat colour was heritable between dams and daughters (h2 0:48, F 1;116 6:92, P 0:001). Dam's throat colour was also genetically correlated with daughter's clutch size (Gt;s ...
... In contrast, yellow females laying large eggs had more progeny that survived to maturity than those laying small eggs. Throat colour was heritable between dams and daughters (h2 0:48, F 1;116 6:92, P 0:001). Dam's throat colour was also genetically correlated with daughter's clutch size (Gt;s ...
Soft and hard selection on plant defence traits in Arabidopsis thaliana
... individuals to the subsequent generation under a model of hard selection (Via and Lande, 1985; Gomulkiewicz et al., 2000). The mode of population regulation determines which model of selection, soft or hard, is appropriate for estimating whether genetic variation can be maintained in a spatially het ...
... individuals to the subsequent generation under a model of hard selection (Via and Lande, 1985; Gomulkiewicz et al., 2000). The mode of population regulation determines which model of selection, soft or hard, is appropriate for estimating whether genetic variation can be maintained in a spatially het ...
Understanding the Scurred condition in Polled Cattle
... determined by one set of genes. (A different type of inheritance occurs in cattle of Zebu breeding). The polled gene is dominant in expression to the horned gene. All cattle have two genes for the polledhorned trait. This allows three genetic combinations: animals with both genes for polled, called ...
... determined by one set of genes. (A different type of inheritance occurs in cattle of Zebu breeding). The polled gene is dominant in expression to the horned gene. All cattle have two genes for the polledhorned trait. This allows three genetic combinations: animals with both genes for polled, called ...
Commentary: A century of Mendelism: on Johannsen`s genotype
... could claim that ‘Galtonian law of regression and its corollaries elaborated by Pearson pretended to have established the laws of “ancestral influences” in mathematical terms’ were an artefact. They were nothing but ‘interesting products of mathematical genius. . .but they have nothing at all to do ...
... could claim that ‘Galtonian law of regression and its corollaries elaborated by Pearson pretended to have established the laws of “ancestral influences” in mathematical terms’ were an artefact. They were nothing but ‘interesting products of mathematical genius. . .but they have nothing at all to do ...
illuminaHumanv3.db October 28, 2014
... indicates the chromosome. Due to inconsistencies that may exist at the time the object was built, these vectors may contain more than one chromosome and/or location. If the chromosomal location is unknown, the vector will contain an NA. Chromosomal locations on both the sense and antisense strands a ...
... indicates the chromosome. Due to inconsistencies that may exist at the time the object was built, these vectors may contain more than one chromosome and/or location. If the chromosomal location is unknown, the vector will contain an NA. Chromosomal locations on both the sense and antisense strands a ...
Population Variation in Continuously Varying Traits as an Ecological
... physiological or behavioral traits. It has received only partial support from empirical tests and has been criticized on theoretical grounds. Recent quantitative genetic models have made an advance by exploring the effects of mutation, migration, mating pattern and selection on phenotypic variance. ...
... physiological or behavioral traits. It has received only partial support from empirical tests and has been criticized on theoretical grounds. Recent quantitative genetic models have made an advance by exploring the effects of mutation, migration, mating pattern and selection on phenotypic variance. ...
Feline Genetics: a Combinatorial Approach - MTMK-ICF
... effect which piles up with the others, yielding a more gradual combined result than a unique gene could account for. Sometimes we shall present two alternative mathematical models to explain the same effect. If the two models give the same effect in all cases, they are mathematically equivalent, alt ...
... effect which piles up with the others, yielding a more gradual combined result than a unique gene could account for. Sometimes we shall present two alternative mathematical models to explain the same effect. If the two models give the same effect in all cases, they are mathematically equivalent, alt ...
1 Of Mice and Metaphysics: Natural Selection and Realized
... mutations, genetic recombination events, etc. Yet this completeness principle alone does not rule out a strong emergentist view of selection, for it is compatible with the existence of a novel, completely distinct force of selection that acts independently of Darwinian events in the production of ev ...
... mutations, genetic recombination events, etc. Yet this completeness principle alone does not rule out a strong emergentist view of selection, for it is compatible with the existence of a novel, completely distinct force of selection that acts independently of Darwinian events in the production of ev ...
Geographic Mode of Speciation and Genomic Divergence
... building up favorable combinations of locally adapted genes and migration and recombination breaking them down and homogenizing populations (Felsenstein 1976, 1981; Gavrilets 2004). Hence, genomic features that reduce recombination between populations (e.g., chromosomal inversions, translocations or ...
... building up favorable combinations of locally adapted genes and migration and recombination breaking them down and homogenizing populations (Felsenstein 1976, 1981; Gavrilets 2004). Hence, genomic features that reduce recombination between populations (e.g., chromosomal inversions, translocations or ...
1999 Dekkers: BREEDING IN THE 21st CENTURY
... evaluations, providing best linear unbiased predictors (BLUP) of EBV for identified QTL and for the collective effect of polygenes. Kennedy et al (1992) suggested inclusion of genotype as a fixed effect in an animal model to estimate the effects of known genes, capitalizing on population-wide disequ ...
... evaluations, providing best linear unbiased predictors (BLUP) of EBV for identified QTL and for the collective effect of polygenes. Kennedy et al (1992) suggested inclusion of genotype as a fixed effect in an animal model to estimate the effects of known genes, capitalizing on population-wide disequ ...
The Evolutionary Biology of Decision Making
... will aid the study of decision making in both humans and nonhuman animals. The evolutionary focus on selection pressures highlights the goals of decisions and the conditions under which different selection processes likely influence decision making. An evolutionary view also suggests that fully rati ...
... will aid the study of decision making in both humans and nonhuman animals. The evolutionary focus on selection pressures highlights the goals of decisions and the conditions under which different selection processes likely influence decision making. An evolutionary view also suggests that fully rati ...
The experimental evolution of specialists, generalists, and the
... a very general argument, applying with equal force to both asexual and sexual populations as well as the coexistence of species within communities. Ecologists have framed a similar argument in terms of the relative strength of intra vs. interspeci®c competition for resources or habitats: each specie ...
... a very general argument, applying with equal force to both asexual and sexual populations as well as the coexistence of species within communities. Ecologists have framed a similar argument in terms of the relative strength of intra vs. interspeci®c competition for resources or habitats: each specie ...
Mendel and modern genetics: the legacy for today
... establishing a generalized theory of heredity as was assumed by his early-20th century followers. These re-interpretations of Mendel also argue that nowhere does he explicitly state that the germ cells contain particles that determine the character of a trait. Mendel’s symbols (e.g. T,t and A,a), th ...
... establishing a generalized theory of heredity as was assumed by his early-20th century followers. These re-interpretations of Mendel also argue that nowhere does he explicitly state that the germ cells contain particles that determine the character of a trait. Mendel’s symbols (e.g. T,t and A,a), th ...
Hierarchical Clustering
... beginning, each row and/or column is considered a cluster. In hierarchical clustering, the two most similar clusters are combined and continue to combine until all objects are in the same cluster. Hierarchical clustering produces a tree (called a dendogram) that shows the hierarchy of the clusters. ...
... beginning, each row and/or column is considered a cluster. In hierarchical clustering, the two most similar clusters are combined and continue to combine until all objects are in the same cluster. Hierarchical clustering produces a tree (called a dendogram) that shows the hierarchy of the clusters. ...
Mendel and modern genetics: the legacy for today
... establishing a generalized theory of heredity as was assumed by his early-20th century followers. These re-interpretations of Mendel also argue that nowhere does he explicitly state that the germ cells contain particles that determine the character of a trait. Mendel’s symbols (e.g. T,t and A,a), th ...
... establishing a generalized theory of heredity as was assumed by his early-20th century followers. These re-interpretations of Mendel also argue that nowhere does he explicitly state that the germ cells contain particles that determine the character of a trait. Mendel’s symbols (e.g. T,t and A,a), th ...
Perspectives
... impacts of allozymes on biological mechanisms in the wild promised to help. Mechanistic study of allozymes has indeed ensued, and its practitioners are mostly ...
... impacts of allozymes on biological mechanisms in the wild promised to help. Mechanistic study of allozymes has indeed ensued, and its practitioners are mostly ...
Sexual selection and temporal phenotypic variation in a damselfly
... male that is too large may also have difficulty in securing a sufficient grip on the female because of an improper fit between these parts. In addition, from the female’s perspective, males that are more extreme in size (both large and small) may not be preferred because of a less than desirable fit ...
... male that is too large may also have difficulty in securing a sufficient grip on the female because of an improper fit between these parts. In addition, from the female’s perspective, males that are more extreme in size (both large and small) may not be preferred because of a less than desirable fit ...
Forces that influence the evolution of codon bias
... with the highest value (2.65) seen in Clostridium perfingens, a widespread bacterium that causes a variety of diseases but is most famous as a ‘flesh-eating bug’. The 80 species examined included variable numbers of representatives from 14 different major lineages (phyla) of bacteria. There was clea ...
... with the highest value (2.65) seen in Clostridium perfingens, a widespread bacterium that causes a variety of diseases but is most famous as a ‘flesh-eating bug’. The 80 species examined included variable numbers of representatives from 14 different major lineages (phyla) of bacteria. There was clea ...
Philosophy of Biology: A Contemporary Introduction
... of each discipline’s distinctive approaches to its own and other disciplines’ domains. A physicist’s argument that biology should be more like physics, or a chemist’s claim that biological facts need to be explained by chemistry, cannot be settled by experiment and observation, if they can be settle ...
... of each discipline’s distinctive approaches to its own and other disciplines’ domains. A physicist’s argument that biology should be more like physics, or a chemist’s claim that biological facts need to be explained by chemistry, cannot be settled by experiment and observation, if they can be settle ...
org.Mm.eg.db
... assigned in the literature, users are cautioned that this map may produce multiple matching results for a single gene symbol. Users should map back from the entrez gene IDs produced to determine which result is the one they want when this happens. Because of this problem with redundant assigment of ...
... assigned in the literature, users are cautioned that this map may produce multiple matching results for a single gene symbol. Users should map back from the entrez gene IDs produced to determine which result is the one they want when this happens. Because of this problem with redundant assigment of ...
Selection experiments: an under-utilized tool in
... well adapted are the functions of organisms. Are functional abilities very well suited to the ecological conditions in which organisms live and to support the normal behaviours that they exhibit? Are organisms generally close to optimal? Or are they merely adequate and certainly far from perfect mos ...
... well adapted are the functions of organisms. Are functional abilities very well suited to the ecological conditions in which organisms live and to support the normal behaviours that they exhibit? Are organisms generally close to optimal? Or are they merely adequate and certainly far from perfect mos ...
PW_dp
... 23k genes) – accounts for heterogeneity in gene – Immediate gene-level interpretation •Cons: – disregards regulatory (often non-genic) information when based on location based ...
... 23k genes) – accounts for heterogeneity in gene – Immediate gene-level interpretation •Cons: – disregards regulatory (often non-genic) information when based on location based ...
Effects of the Ordering of Natural Selection and Population
... lapping generations at a single biallelic locus, which can be regarded as a simplified version of the ...
... lapping generations at a single biallelic locus, which can be regarded as a simplified version of the ...