What does Drosophila genetics tell us about speciation?
... evolution of mate choice reinforces other isolating mechanisms. Sibling species: species actually or nearly indistinguishable on the basis of morphology, but which nonetheless maintain distinct genotypic clusters in sympatry and between which strong reproductive barriers exist. Speciation gene: this ...
... evolution of mate choice reinforces other isolating mechanisms. Sibling species: species actually or nearly indistinguishable on the basis of morphology, but which nonetheless maintain distinct genotypic clusters in sympatry and between which strong reproductive barriers exist. Speciation gene: this ...
RNA interference pathways display high rates of adaptive protein
... model of neutrality and constraint—that can be attributed to positive selection. We first used an explicit population-genetic model to estimate the number of adaptive nonsynonymous substitutions per site (DFEalpha) (Eyre-Walker & Keightley, 2009). This approach has the advantage that it provides dir ...
... model of neutrality and constraint—that can be attributed to positive selection. We first used an explicit population-genetic model to estimate the number of adaptive nonsynonymous substitutions per site (DFEalpha) (Eyre-Walker & Keightley, 2009). This approach has the advantage that it provides dir ...
Chapter 14: MENDEL AND THE GENE IDEA
... A true-breeding organism, sometimes also called pure-bred, is an organism having certain biological traits which are passed on to all subsequent generations when bred with another true-breeding organism for the same traits. In other words, to “breed-true” means that two organisms with a particular, ...
... A true-breeding organism, sometimes also called pure-bred, is an organism having certain biological traits which are passed on to all subsequent generations when bred with another true-breeding organism for the same traits. In other words, to “breed-true” means that two organisms with a particular, ...
Campbell Biology: Concepts and Connections, 8e (Reece et al
... 11) Which of the following assumptions or observations is not part of Darwin's idea of natural selection? A) Whether an organism survives and reproduces is almost entirely a matter of random chance. B) Heritable traits that promote successful reproduction should gradually become more common in a po ...
... 11) Which of the following assumptions or observations is not part of Darwin's idea of natural selection? A) Whether an organism survives and reproduces is almost entirely a matter of random chance. B) Heritable traits that promote successful reproduction should gradually become more common in a po ...
The role of linkage disequilibrium in the evolution of
... There has been a long-standing emphasis in speciation research on describing conditions that may facilitate the build-up of premating isolation when diverging populations are undergoing gene flow. The basic issue is as follows: when populations are exchanging genes, they will tend both to lose the p ...
... There has been a long-standing emphasis in speciation research on describing conditions that may facilitate the build-up of premating isolation when diverging populations are undergoing gene flow. The basic issue is as follows: when populations are exchanging genes, they will tend both to lose the p ...
The Inductive Theory of Natural Selection
... role as an evolutionary agency, as to have suffered neglect as an independent principle worthy of scientific study. . . . The present book, with all the limitations of a first attempt, is at least an attempt to consider the theory of Natural Selection on its own merits. Natural selection does not st ...
... role as an evolutionary agency, as to have suffered neglect as an independent principle worthy of scientific study. . . . The present book, with all the limitations of a first attempt, is at least an attempt to consider the theory of Natural Selection on its own merits. Natural selection does not st ...
Inclusive fitness and the sociobiology of the genome
... Classical genetics does not model cases in which individuals sacrifice on behalf of non-offspring, such as sterile workers in an insect colony (Wheeler 1928), ...
... Classical genetics does not model cases in which individuals sacrifice on behalf of non-offspring, such as sterile workers in an insect colony (Wheeler 1928), ...
Factors and Natural Selection To Identify Virulence : Genetic
... occurs by the acquisition of new genetic material from transformation of native DNA, transduction by phages, or conjugation by plasmids; this new genetic material is then passed on to subsequent generations through vertical evolution. Until recently, bacterial pathogens were characterized solely by ...
... occurs by the acquisition of new genetic material from transformation of native DNA, transduction by phages, or conjugation by plasmids; this new genetic material is then passed on to subsequent generations through vertical evolution. Until recently, bacterial pathogens were characterized solely by ...
Reprint - Queen`s University Department of Mathematics and Statistics.
... I consider a model of a haploid asexual organism in a very large (effectively infinite) population, structured into patches containing exactly N individuals each (i.e., Wright’s island model of population structure). It might seem paradoxical to construct a model that purports to have implications f ...
... I consider a model of a haploid asexual organism in a very large (effectively infinite) population, structured into patches containing exactly N individuals each (i.e., Wright’s island model of population structure). It might seem paradoxical to construct a model that purports to have implications f ...
population genetics - McGraw Hill Higher Education
... population, that population would not evolve because mutations are so rare. In this section we will discuss the second phenomenon that is required for microevolution, the action of evolutionary mechanisms that alter the prevalence of a given allele or genotype in a population. These mechanisms are n ...
... population, that population would not evolve because mutations are so rare. In this section we will discuss the second phenomenon that is required for microevolution, the action of evolutionary mechanisms that alter the prevalence of a given allele or genotype in a population. These mechanisms are n ...
Natural Selection: Descent with Modification
... origination of a complex functional trait, then it is use inheritance, rather than natural selection, which explains adaptation. Here, habit passed on to offspring effectively constitutes a saltationist mode of explanation, albeit one that Darwin thinks is well supported by evidence, and hence a leg ...
... origination of a complex functional trait, then it is use inheritance, rather than natural selection, which explains adaptation. Here, habit passed on to offspring effectively constitutes a saltationist mode of explanation, albeit one that Darwin thinks is well supported by evidence, and hence a leg ...
Species selection and driven mechanisms jointly generate a large
... entities to evolve by natural selection (Lewontin 1970). In principle, many hierarchical levels can satisfy these criteria, from selfish genetic elements up through populations of organisms to the species level and above. The key effect of natural selection is that it provides directional change in ...
... entities to evolve by natural selection (Lewontin 1970). In principle, many hierarchical levels can satisfy these criteria, from selfish genetic elements up through populations of organisms to the species level and above. The key effect of natural selection is that it provides directional change in ...
Using Artificial Selection to Understand Plastic Plant Phenotypes1
... stress’’ control, high salt, high boron, low light, low water, and low nutrients. In each of three successive generations, 48 progeny (seeds) were randomly sampled from each stress-by-replicate combination. In this short-term experiment, individual fecundity was quantified and used as the target for ...
... stress’’ control, high salt, high boron, low light, low water, and low nutrients. In each of three successive generations, 48 progeny (seeds) were randomly sampled from each stress-by-replicate combination. In this short-term experiment, individual fecundity was quantified and used as the target for ...
The genetical theory of multilevel selection - synergy
... the theorem’s logic (cf. Gardner, 2011). These points illustrate the importance of being able to conceptually separate the unit, arena, character and target of selection. Natural selection in class-structured populations If individuals vary in their propensity to achieve reproductive success, for re ...
... the theorem’s logic (cf. Gardner, 2011). These points illustrate the importance of being able to conceptually separate the unit, arena, character and target of selection. Natural selection in class-structured populations If individuals vary in their propensity to achieve reproductive success, for re ...
The genetical theory of multilevel selection
... the theorem’s logic (cf. Gardner, 2011). These points illustrate the importance of being able to conceptually separate the unit, arena, character and target of selection. Natural selection in class-structured populations If individuals vary in their propensity to achieve reproductive success, for re ...
... the theorem’s logic (cf. Gardner, 2011). These points illustrate the importance of being able to conceptually separate the unit, arena, character and target of selection. Natural selection in class-structured populations If individuals vary in their propensity to achieve reproductive success, for re ...
Natural selection stops the evolution of male attractiveness
... among contemporary natural populations, however, and there is little evidence from artificial selection experiments that sexual fitness can evolve. Here, we demonstrate that a multivariate male trait preferred by Drosophila serrata females can respond to selection and results in the maintenance of mal ...
... among contemporary natural populations, however, and there is little evidence from artificial selection experiments that sexual fitness can evolve. Here, we demonstrate that a multivariate male trait preferred by Drosophila serrata females can respond to selection and results in the maintenance of mal ...
4 Natural Selection and Variation
... At the same level in the chain are competitors that may be competing for the same limited resources of food, or space. An organism competes most closely with other members of its own species, because they have the most similar ecological needs to its own. Other species, in decreasing order of ecolog ...
... At the same level in the chain are competitors that may be competing for the same limited resources of food, or space. An organism competes most closely with other members of its own species, because they have the most similar ecological needs to its own. Other species, in decreasing order of ecolog ...
Natural Selection PhET Simulation
... Lamarck’s idea that the environment altered an individual’s shape and then those changes were inherited was incorrect. Lamarck was a botanist who studied evolution in the 18th century before Darwin. He had opposing ideas that animals were able to choose their evolutionary fate. For example, Lamarck ...
... Lamarck’s idea that the environment altered an individual’s shape and then those changes were inherited was incorrect. Lamarck was a botanist who studied evolution in the 18th century before Darwin. He had opposing ideas that animals were able to choose their evolutionary fate. For example, Lamarck ...
Natural Selection Scripted - UTeach Outreach
... Lamarck’s idea that the environment altered an individual’s shape and then those changes were inherited was incorrect. Lamarck was a botanist who studied evolution in the 18th century before Darwin. He had opposing ideas that animals were able to choose their evolutionary fate. For example, Lamarck ...
... Lamarck’s idea that the environment altered an individual’s shape and then those changes were inherited was incorrect. Lamarck was a botanist who studied evolution in the 18th century before Darwin. He had opposing ideas that animals were able to choose their evolutionary fate. For example, Lamarck ...
Evolution of Closely Linked Gene Pairs in
... al. 2007). It is therefore likely that the members of a closely linked h2h gene pair are no longer independently expressed. Indeed, most (Trinklein et al. 2004; Li et al. 2006; Lin et al. 2007; Yang et al. 2007), but not all (Takai and Jones 2004), expression analyses showed significant correlation, ...
... al. 2007). It is therefore likely that the members of a closely linked h2h gene pair are no longer independently expressed. Indeed, most (Trinklein et al. 2004; Li et al. 2006; Lin et al. 2007; Yang et al. 2007), but not all (Takai and Jones 2004), expression analyses showed significant correlation, ...
Convergence, Adaptation, and Constraint The Harvard community
... resulting from inheritance from a common ancestor (this definition includes what is sometimes referred to as “parallel evolution,” a topic to which I return later in this essay). Recognizing such derived similarity, of course, requires a phylogenetic perspective (Eldredge and Cracraft, 1980; Lauder, ...
... resulting from inheritance from a common ancestor (this definition includes what is sometimes referred to as “parallel evolution,” a topic to which I return later in this essay). Recognizing such derived similarity, of course, requires a phylogenetic perspective (Eldredge and Cracraft, 1980; Lauder, ...
Molecular Evolution of Overlapping Genes
... The method presented in Chapters Two, Three, and Four is limited to the analysis of sequences from divergent species. In some cases, the question of functionality is asked for an overlapping gene, which is unique to a population of clinically important viruses and bacteria. One such interesting case ...
... The method presented in Chapters Two, Three, and Four is limited to the analysis of sequences from divergent species. In some cases, the question of functionality is asked for an overlapping gene, which is unique to a population of clinically important viruses and bacteria. One such interesting case ...
Characterization of Prdm9 in Equids and Sterility
... Prdm9 (Meisetz) is the first speciation gene discovered in vertebrates conferring reproductive isolation. This locus encodes a meiosis-specific histone H3 methyltransferase that specifies meiotic recombination hotspots during gametogenesis. Allelic differences in Prdm9, characterized for a variable ...
... Prdm9 (Meisetz) is the first speciation gene discovered in vertebrates conferring reproductive isolation. This locus encodes a meiosis-specific histone H3 methyltransferase that specifies meiotic recombination hotspots during gametogenesis. Allelic differences in Prdm9, characterized for a variable ...
On Sexual Reproduction as a New Critique of the Theory of Natural
... than others? Almost certainly yes. Some varieties would have been inherently more stable than others. Certain molecules, once formed, would be less likely than others to break up again. �ese types would become relatively numerous in the soup, not only as a direct logical consequence of their ‘longev ...
... than others? Almost certainly yes. Some varieties would have been inherently more stable than others. Certain molecules, once formed, would be less likely than others to break up again. �ese types would become relatively numerous in the soup, not only as a direct logical consequence of their ‘longev ...