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Transcript
Synaptic Action Synaptic Potentials: •EPSP •IPSP Synaptic Potentials •Excitatory Postsynaptic Potential (EPSP) •triggered by excitatory neurotransmitters •open ligand-gated Na+ channels •allows Na+ to flow inside the cell •causing a slight depolarization of the postsynaptic cell •moves the postsynaptic cell closer to firing an action potential •Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potential (IPSP) •triggered by inhibitory neurotransmitters •open ligand-gated K+ channels or Cl- channels •allows K+ to flow out of the cell or Cl- to flow inside the cell •causing a slight hyperpolarization of the postsynaptic cell •moves the postsynaptic cell further from firing an action potential The Battle to -55mV IPSP EPSP Neurotransmitters •Neuropeptides •Amines •Quaternary amines •Acetylcholine (ACh) •Monoamines •Catelcholamines •Epinephrine (EPI) •Norepinephrine (NE) •Dopamine (DA) •Indoleamines •Serotonin (5-HT) •Melatonin •Amino acids •Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) •Glutamate (GLU) •Glycine •Histamine (HIST) •Opioid peptides •Enkephalins (ENK) •Endorphins (END) •Peptide Hormones •Oxytocin (Oxy) •Substance P •Cholecystokinin (CCK) •Vasopressin (ADH) •Neuropeptide Y (NPY) •Hypothalamic Releasing Hormones •GnRH •TRH •CRH Cholinergic (Ach) System (PPT) (BF) * * Noradrenergic (NE) System * (LC) Serotoninergic (5-HT) System Raphe Nuclei * Dopaminergic (DA) System 1 Mesolimbic * Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA) Dopaminergic (DA) System 2 Mesostriatal * Basal Ganglia
