Download Animal Cell - KerrBrookfield

THE CELL
May 22, 2017
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Animal Cell Structure
Animal Cell
1. no cell wall
2. no chloroplasts
3. no central
vacuole
4. has centrioles
flagella
centrioles
lysosome
chromosomes
nuclear pore
nucleolus
nuclear membrane
cytoskeleton
vacuole
exocytosis
RER (ribosomes)
cell membrane
golgi apparatus
SER
cytoplasm
mitochondria
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Plant Cell Structure
Plant Cell
1. cell wall
2. chloroplasts
3. a large central
vacuole
4. no centrioles
nuclear
nuclear pore
membrane
nucleolus
chromosomes
RER (ribosomes)
vacuole
chloroplast
cell wall
cell membrane
SER
golgi apparatus
cytoplasm
mitochondria
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cytoskeleton
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Structures of a Cell
How many do you remember?
Close all books and notes : )
cell wall
ribosomes
cilia / flagellum
nuclear membrane
large vacuole
cell membrane
cytoskeleton
cytoplasm
small vacuole
centrioles
secretory vesicles
nucleolus
mitochondria
lysosome
Golgi apparatus
chloroplast
nuclear pores
rough endoplasmic reticulum
May 22, 2017
nucleoplasm (chromosomes)
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
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ANIMAL CELL
PLANT CELL
Switch with a partner!
Place a small checkmark next to the correct answers.
Put their score out of 20 in the right hand corner.
1. nucleolus
2. nucleoplasm (chromosomes)
3. nuclear pores
4. nuclear membrane
5. small vacuole
6. secretory vesicles
7. Golgi apparatus
8. mitochondria
9. smooth endoplasmic reticulum
10. rough endoplasmic reticulum
11. ribosomes
12. cytoskeleton
13. cell membrane
14. cell wall
15. centrioles
16. large vacuole
17. lysosome
18. chloroplast
19. cilia / flagellum
20. cytoplasm
VIDEO
May 22, 2017
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Plasma Membrane
Also called the cell membrane
The plasma membrane regulates what enters and leaves the cell.
May 22, 2017
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Fluid Mosaic Model of Cell Membrane
protein channel
tunnels that allow water or
specific small ions in/out of cell
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PLASMA MEMBRANE
carbohydrate
globular
protein
phospholipid
fatty acid tails
(hydrophobic)
phosphate
head
(hydrophilic)
protein channel
Fluid Mosaic Model
Plasma Membrane - Proteins
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Cytoskeleton
mitochondrion
microtubules
microfilaments
Functions of microfilaments and microtubules:
1. support the cell
2. make up centrioles
3. make up cilia & flagella
General Structure of a Cell
Cells are the basic structural and functional units of life.
Cells are bathed in an aqueous solution called extracellular
fluid.
There are many different kinds of cells, which are
specialized to carry out particular functions.
In spite of this, cells have many common features.
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TEXTBOOKS
• Please go take a textbook and return to
your seat. (stretch while you are standing)
• Start by reading Page 8…
The Transmission Electron Microscope
The Scanning Electron Microscope
Make Jot Notes on those two sections.
(3 points about each)
Page # 9 complete # 4, 5
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General Structure of a Cell
Cell Part
cell membrane
cell wall
cytoplasm
ribosomes
Plant,
animal
or both
both
plant
Function
•semi-permeable
•controls what enters/leaves
•composed of phospholipid bilayer,
proteins, carbohydrates
(fluid mosaic model)
•tough rigid outer boundary
•protection
both
•Cytosol (aqueous solution) and cell
organelles outside the nucleus .
both
•make proteins
General Structure of a Cell
Cell Part
smooth
endoplasmic
reticulum
(SER)
rough
endoplasmic
reticulum
(RER)
Golgi apparatus
lysosomes
Plant,
animal
or both
both
Function
•canals throughout cytoplasm to
transport materials
•make fats
both
•canals with ribosomes attached
(area for protein synthesis)
both
•stacks of membranes which modify
protein for secretion (export)
•packages them into vesicles
animal
•contain enzymes (proteins) that can
break down molecules (food,
bacteria, wastes, the cell itself)
General Structure of a Cell
Cell Part
Plant,
animal
or both
Mitochondria
both
(write at the bottom)
centrioles
plastids
vacuoles
Function
•powerhouse of the cell
•produces energy (cellular respiration)
animal
•a pair of cylinders that aid in cell
division
plant
•free-floating membrane-bound sac
for storage
example:chloroplast  photosynthesis
both
•large (plants), small (animals)
membrane-bound sacs filled with
water
•Turgor pressure
General Structure of a Cell
Cell Part
nucleus
nuclear
membrane
nucleoplasm
nucleolus
Plant,
animal
or both
both
both
both
both
Function
•control centre of the cell
•directs all of the cell’s activities
•porous double membrane
•separates nucleus from cytoplasm
•A mixture of chemicals that stores
information
•rich in nucleic acids
•dense body in the centre of the
nucleus thought to make ribosomes
General Structure of a Cell
Cell Part
DNA
Plant,
animal
or both
Both
CHLOROPLAST
Do on your own!
Function
•genetic material
•contains instruction for what proteins
to make
DNA occurs in two forms:
1. chromatin – long & thin
(when cell is not dividing)
2. chromosomes – short & thick
(during cell division)
PRE-LAB: OBSERVING CELLS
Recall: Microscope usage
Proper Biological Diagrams
Preparing Slides
Your Task: Prepare a slide and draw a proper biological diagram of each
of the following cells. TOTAL 4 DIAGRAMS
Type of Cell
Stain Used
cheek cell
methylene blue
potato cell
iodine
tomato cell
no stain
red onion cell
no stain
PROPER BIOLOGICAL DIAGRAMS
Name
Type of Cell (stain used)
Date
Note:
•Use blank white paper
•Use pencil
label 1
label 2
label 3
•Use a ruler
•No colouring
•No shading
•No arrows
•Labels must line up vertically
•Label lines are parallel
Total Magnification
i.e. 400 X
(Label lines do NOT cross)
LAB: OBSERVING CELLS
Your Task: Write a Formal Lab Report.
Note: Discussion questions (1 – 3) are as follows.
1. What cell organelles were stained by methylene blue in cheek cells?
2. What cell organelles were you unable to find? Suggest two possible reasons for
this.
3. Summarize in chart form the similarities and differences between plant and
animal cells based on what you examined in this lab. Include differences in cell
sizes in your answer.
FORMAL LAB REPORT
All formal lab reports must include the following:
Title Page
centred on the page
Title of the Lab
SBI 3C
Your Name
in the bottom right-hand corner
Partner’s Name
Ms. Kerr
Date
FORMAL LAB REPORT
All formal lab reports must include the following:
Purpose: One sentence stating the reason for doing the lab.
Materials: A list of what you used during the lab.
Procedure: A set of numbered steps. (Instructions)
Observations: Biological diagrams and/or a chart with written observations.
Discussion Questions: Answer all discussion questions using complete sentences.
Conclusion: Briefly comment on the results of the lab
(Make sure it relates to the purpose specifically.)
Lab # 1 Observing Cells
DUE : February 9, 2010
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General Structure of a Cell
Homework
• Page 15 # 2, 3, 4, 5
( we can do these together)
Finish work from Tuesday:
The microscope lab
– hand in up until Friday
Page 8 jot notes SEM and TEM
Page 9 # 4 & 5