* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download down the concentration gradient
Survey
Document related concepts
Biochemical switches in the cell cycle wikipedia , lookup
Cell encapsulation wikipedia , lookup
Cell nucleus wikipedia , lookup
Cellular differentiation wikipedia , lookup
Magnesium transporter wikipedia , lookup
Cell culture wikipedia , lookup
Extracellular matrix wikipedia , lookup
Cytoplasmic streaming wikipedia , lookup
Cell growth wikipedia , lookup
Signal transduction wikipedia , lookup
Cytokinesis wikipedia , lookup
Organ-on-a-chip wikipedia , lookup
Cell membrane wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Homeostasis: Active & Passive Transport Type of solution What is it Which way will water move What happens to a cell placed in the solution? Hypertonic More solute outside the cell than inside the cell Outside the cell Shrink Hypotonic More solute inside the cell than outside the cell Inside the cell Swell Isotonic Equal concentration of solutes inside and outside the cell Movement of water is equal nothing Movement of water • What will happen to a cell that is too hypertonic? – The cell will shrink • What will happen to a cell that is too hypotonic? – The cell will burst! Transport • What does transport mean? – The movement of something • How many kinds are there? –2 • What are they called? – Passive transport and active transport Passive Transport • Definition: Movement of particles through the plasma membrane with no energy • Particles move down the concentration gradient • What does this mean? – Particles move from an area of high concentration to low concentration *(think of the tennis ball example) Facilitated Diffusion • Definition: passive transport of materials across the membrane using transport proteins • Channel proteins: form channels allowing specific molecules to flow through • Carrier proteins: change shape to allow a substance to pass through the plasma membrane Specialized Passive Transport • The movement of any molecule across a selectively permeable membrane with the concentration gradient is referred to as Diffusion. • The movement of H20 across a selectively permeable membrane with the concentration gradient is referred to as Osmosis. Active Transport • Definition: Movement of particles through a membrane against a concentration gradient • ***REQUIRES ENERGY!!!!!!!! ***:O • Which way do particles move?? – LOW concentration to HIGH concentration Active Transport • Uses carrier proteins to move particles against the concentration gradient Passive vs. Active transport Type of transport Transport protein used Direction of movement Requires energy input from cell? Classification of transport Simple diffusion No Down the concentration gradient No Passive Facilitated diffusion Yes-channel and/or carrier proteins Down the concentration gradient No Passive Active transport Yes-carrier proteins Against the concentration gradient yes Active Transport of large particles • Endocytosis: Cell surrounds and takes in material from the environment (Enters) • Exocytosis: Cell expels (releases) material from a cell (usually to remove wastes) (Exits) What are buffers? • Buffers are essential for many biochemical processes. It serves to maintain the correct pH and temperature necessary as many enzymes work only under precise pH and temperature conditions. • Without buffers necessary chemical reactions in cells would not happen resulting in cell death.