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Transcript
Cell Transport chap. 7-3 https://www.pinterest.com/pin/225039312606126463/ I. Cell Membrane 1) POLAR ends face INSIDE & OUTSIDE cell [where water is] 2) NONPOLAR tails face each other inside bilayer [to avoid water] Outside of cell Carbohydrate chains Proteins Cell membrane Inside of cell (cytoplasm) Protein channel Lipid bilayer http://www.bioteach.u bc.ca/Bioindustry/Inex/ 3) FUNCTION: SELECTIVE PERMEABILITY = allows only certain materials to go into & out of cell a. Why doesn’t the cell membrane let everything through? HOMEOSTASIS! - Cells maintain a stable environment by controlling what enters & leaves. II. Cellular Transport – Two Major Types (Passive & Active Transport) 1.Passive Transport = moves molecules across cell mem. using NO ENERGY Movement going with the concentration gradient (normal flow) A. Types of Passive Transport 1.Diffusion – molecules move from HIGH conc. to LOW conc. a. Small molecules: O2, CO2 b. Slow process Passive Transport Video Clip https://www.pinterest.com/pin/225039312 606104881/ PROBLEM for Cells? Cell membranes are SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE 2. Facilitated Diffusion – movement of molecules with help of a carrier protein a.Moves large molecules like Glucose and Fructose (C6H12O6) b. Faster than diffusion http://www.sirinet.net/~jgjohnso/homeostasis.html 3. Osmosis – diffusion of WATER across cell membrane * H2O moves to area with LESS WATER a. Direction of Osmosis: 1) Hypotonic Solution = H2O moves INTO cell & CELL EXPANDS 2) Hypertonic Solution = H2O moves OUT OF cell & CELL SHRINKS 3) Isotonic Solution = H2O moves INTO & OUT OF cell & cell stays NORMAL SIZE * EQUILIBRIUM = concentration of molecules is same everywhere * Molecules never stop moving – even at equilibrium nd 2 2. Type of Transport Active Transport 1.moves molecules across cell membrane using ENERGY B. Types of Active Transport 1. Transport Proteins: in membrane- move substances from low to high conc. (opposite of how it wants to move) 2. Endocytosis = cell surrounds & ingests materials from OUTSIDE to INSIDE cell using VESICLES http://www.sirinet.net/~jgjohnso/homeostasis.html a. Steps: 1) membrane folds in & forms pocket 2) Pocket closes & pinches off in cell vesicle 3) vesicle fuses w/ organelles to release contents b. Two Types of Endocytosis: 1)Phagocytosis – LARGE particles (food) or whole CELLS (bacteria) into cell 2) Pinocytosis – large amounts of liquids/ fluids into cell 3. Exocytosis –releases large amounts of material to the OUTSIDE of the cell using VESICLES a. Steps: 1)Vesicle forms, travels to & fuses w/ cell mem. 2)Vesicle opens to outside & releases contents http://www.sirinet.net/~jgjohnso/homeostasis.html Video clip