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Transcript
Cell Types and Cell Organelles Cool pictures of what they look like under a microscope.. Remember they are very, very small Prokaryotic Cells (with Cilia) Means they don’t have a nucleus or membrane bound organelles Eukaryotic Cells Means they have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles Nucleus - Houses the DNA (instructions for proteins) of the cell -Surrounded by a membrane and filled with DNA - Found only in eukaryotic cells Nucleolus -Nucleolus is located INSIDE the nucleus -It is responsible for making ribosomes -Found ONLY in eukaryotic cells Chloroplasts -Made up of an outer membrane and lots of inner membranes -Contains LOTS of chlorophyll (a pigment) that helps with photosynthesis -Site of photosynthesis helping to convert sun energy into glucose -Only found in plant cells Mitochondria -Made up of two membranes, one outside and one VERY folded on the inside -Cell respiration takes place here- converts glucose into ATP! -Found ONLY in eukaryotic cells FUN FACT: One of the only organelles that has its own DNA Ribosomes -Made of proteins and rRNA (ribosomal RNA) -Located both in the cytoplasm (free floating) or attached to the ER (rough ER) -Found in BOTH eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells Endoplasmic Reticulum -Lots of membranes, some with ribosomes (rough) and some without (smooth) -Rough ER makes proteins to export out of the cell, smooth ER helps to make lipids and helps to detoxify the cell -Only found in eukaryotic cells Golgi Apparatus -Made up of sacks of membranes- look like stacks of pancakes -Receives proteins from the rough ER and packages them for export out of the cell -Found only in eukaryotic cells Cell Membrane -Made up of phospholipids, proteins and carbohydrates (mosaic) -Surrounds all cells and acts as a protective barrier Cell Wall -Made of cellulose -provides protection and structure for the cell -found only in plant cells Vacuole -membrane bound sack mostly filled with water, sometimes nutrients -stores water and nutrients for cells, provides structure for plant cells -VERY large vacuoles in plants (Central vacuole), very small vacuoles in animal cells Lysosome -membrane bound sac of enzymes -acts as a trash can for the cell to break down dead things, or to recycle old proteins, cell parts, etc. -Found mostly in animal cells Cytoskeleton -acts as the skeleton for cells, made of microtubules and microfilaments -helps to keep the shape of the cell and organizes all organelles in the cytoplasm -found in all cells Animal Cell Cheek Cell Plant Cell