Download Proteins

PROTEINS
This ¼ of “THE BIG FOUR” makes YOU...
YOU!
Macromolecules

Carbohydrates

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Lipids
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Fat
Proteins


Sugar and Starch
UMMMMM.... ALMOST EVERYTHING ELSE!
Nucleic Acids

DNA and RNA
Proteins

I lift things up....
Got Beef?

Oops... I meant Chicken.... or maybe, fish... or
beans... or....
What happens when...

You munch on that Big Mac???
Does it go sloshing around, in big
chunks, through your veins?

NO!
Everything you eat
MUST BE Digested...

Why must STARCH be digested???

Why must EVERYTHING be digested???
- So that it can DIFFUSE through the cell membrane

Think about the NYS lab... What was the
purpose of the lab???
- To model DIFFUSION (molecules moving from high
to low concentration)

What is the chemical reaction that uses water to
destroy a bond in order to perform digestion???
- Hydrolysis
Remember: Diffusion Through A
Membrane
The initial
set up
The “Cell” filled with
glucose and starch
solutions
Water & Iodine in
the beaker cover
the “cell”
What Happened????
And... WHY??????

Final State:
What Color
is the Cell
Now?

BLACK!
What does that
mean?
IODINE
DIFFUSED IN!
Things Need to Be Digested



Each cell must have a constant supply of
different monomers in order to make the
polymers it requires!
The food we eat must be broken down so that
it is small enough to fit through the cell
membrane…
THEN, the cell uses
those micromolecules to
make macromolecules!
So.... Every time Mrs. C. falls...


And needs to
make new skin
cells and muscle
cells to heal what
has been
injured...
She needs
PROTEINS!
Are they all the same?

Is every cell in our body the same???? NO

Blood Cells:

Bone Cells:

Skin Cells:

Muscle Cells:
Different... Yet, Similar...



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Even though they are VERY different...
EVERY cell in your body has proteins in them...
and the proteins are different because the
shape and function of the cell are different!
BUT, BUT, BUT! ALL proteins are made up of
the same 20 Amino Acids!
Just like our alphabet... 26 letters make up
thousands of words!
Your Mission
(should you choose to accept it...)

Create a unique protein....

“Modeling” DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS

BTW... WHAT IS DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS
?????
- Removing a water molecule to create a bond
to build something more complex!
Proteins
Made of C, H, O and N
Are a long polymer chains of
Amino Acids (monomers)
The Amino Acids are bonded in
a specific sequence and fold
into a specific shape!
20 Different Amino Acids
Amino Acids Make Proteins…
How do we GET Amino Acids?
Nutrition (Yup…. Part of STRANGER-C!)
We Digest the food we consume.
Hydrolysis (and other chemical reactions) break
down the polymers into small monomers.
Why?
So the monomers can DIFFUSE into the cell.
Why?
So the cell can SYNTHESIZE polymers again!
Where/How are proteins made?
• Proteins (polypeptides) are made at the
RIBOSOME
• The ribosome bonds amino acids together
to make whichever protein the cell needs
• How does the ribosome know which protein
to make?
DNA!