Download Mutations Handout

Mutations
______1.
Look at the two nucleotide sequences for a section of DNA given below:
What type of gene mutation is shown in the copied sequence?
A. substitution
B. insertion
C. deletion
D. neutral
______2.
If you compare the original DNA sequence to the copied DNA sequence shown above, which of the
following is NOT true?
A. the mutation in the copied sequence adds a different amino acid from the original
B. the protein coded by the copied DNA will be different from the original
C. the structure of the protein coded by the copied DNA may be different from the original
D. the mutation that occurred in the copied DNA sequence will be present in all the cells of the
body
______3.
Look at the two nucleotide sequences for a section of DNA given below:
Original DNA Sequence
Replicated DNA Sequence
What type of gene mutation is shown in the copied sequence?
A. substitution
B. insertion
C. deletion
______4.
D. neutral
Look at the two nucleotide sequences for a section of DNA given below:
Original DNA Sequence
Replicated DNA Sequence
What type of gene mutation is shown in the copied sequence?
A. substitution
B. insertion
C. deletion
D. neutral
______5.
Look at the two nucleotide sequences for a section of DNA given below:
Original DNA Sequence
Replicated DNA Sequence
What type of gene mutation is shown in the copied sequence?
A. substitution
B. insertion
C. deletion
D. neutral
______6.
How could a karyotype be used to determine if a fetus will be born with Down’s syndrome?
A. it would show a missing sex chromosome
B. it would show three copies of a certain chromosome
C. it would show a translocation of genetic material
D. it would show a deletion of genetic material
______7.
Which of the following would be LEAST likely to cause a genetic mutation?
A. exposure to x-ray radiation
C. exposure to tobacco smoke
B. exposure to ultraviolet radiation
D. exposure to loud noise
______8.
A harmful chemical is inhaled into the lungs and cause a mutation in a lung cell. Which of the
following is NOT likely to occur?
A. the mutation results in lung cancer
B. the mutation causes the lung cell to function improperly
C. the mutation causes the lung cell to die
D. the mutation is passed on to a son or daughter
______9.
The diagram below shows a disorder of chromosome 17.
What type of chromosomal mutation has occurred?
A. translocation
B. inversion
C. deletion
D. nondisjunction
______10. The diagram below shows a disorder of a chromosome.
Original
Replicated
What type of chromosomal mutation has occurred?
A. translocation
B. inversion
C. deletion
D. nondisjunction
______11. The diagram below shows a piece of chromosome 15 attaching to chromosome 18.
Which of the following identifies the type of chromosomal mutation that has occurred on chromosome
18?
A. inversion
B. substitution
C. translocation
D. deletion
______12. When can a mutation be passed on to offspring?
A. only when the mutation is present during or occurs during mitosis
B. only when the mutation is present during or occurs during meiosis
C. when the mutation occurs during mitosis or meiosis
D. when the mutation occurs in somatic cells
______13. Sickle cell disease is caused by a substitution mutation. The gene responsible for forming hemoglobin
inserts the amino acid valine instead of glutamic acid. What effect does this mutation have on the
hemoglobin molecule?
A. it causes it to be shaped differently
C. it causes it to become cancerous
B. it causes it to be the wrong length
D. it causes it to carry more oxygen
______14. If nondisjunction occurs during meiosis, the resulting gamete may contain an extra chromosome. If the
gamete is fertilized, the child would MOST likely be born with which of the following?
A. a genetic disorder
C. a viral disease
B. a cancerous tumor
D. a bacterial infection
______15. A doctor suspects an individual may have Klinefelter’s (XXY) syndrome caused by having an extra X
chromosome. Which of the following would be best to confirm t he diagnosis?
A. a karyotype
C. a Punnett square
B. a pedigree
D. a DNA fingerprint
______16. During the process of meiosis, part of one chromosome detaches and reattaches to a different
chromosome in the parent cell of an individual. Which of the following is TRUE regarding this
mutation?
A. the mutation could cause cancer in the individual
B. the mutation could get passed on to the individual’s offspring
C. the mutation could affect protein production in other cells of the body
D. The mutation will affect only somatic cells in the individual
______17. Tay-Sachs disease is caused by a frameshift mutation on chromosome 15. A person with Tay-Sachs
lacks the enzyme hexosaminidase A. This enzyme is needed to break down gangliosides, a fatty
substance that is formed in nerve cells and in the brain. Why does the frameshift mutation result in this
disease?
A. the frameshift mutation creates gangliosides instead of hexosaminidase A
B. the frameshift mutation creates a defect in the shape and function of nerve cells
C. the frameshift mutation causes a defect in the shape of ganglioside molecules
D. the frameshift mutation causes a defect in the gene needed to create a protein
______18. Why are insertion and deletion mutations usually more serious than substitutions?
A. they can be passed on to offspring
B. they change every codon after the mutation
C. they always cause some form of cancer
D. they cause recessive traits to become dominant traits
______19. Why do some gene mutations have no effect?
A. more than one nucleotide sequence may code for the same amino acid
B. some nucleotide sequences are unimportant
C. they are never passed on to the offspring
D. they affect only males
______20. A point mutation that occurs in a blood cell would most likely result in which of the following?
A. incorrect coding for a protein
C. a recessive trait passed on to offspring
B. a more serious chromosome mutation
D. a dominant trait passed on to offspring