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Cell project—part 2 ---- Anya Mehta
Vocabulary Word
Cell membrane
Cell wall
Cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton
Organelles
Nucleus
Envelope
Chloroplasts
Cell appendages
Flagella/flagellum
Cilia/cilium
Paramecium
Prokaryotic cells
Eukaryotic cells
Chromosomes
Nucleolus
Nuclear envelope
Ribosomes
Endoplasmic reticulum
Mitochondria/mitochondrion
ATP – Adenosine Triphosphate
Golgi apparatus
Vesicles
Lysosomes
Vacuole
Definition/Function
Is a flexible covering that protects the inside of a cell
from the environment outside a cell.
Is a stiff structure outside the cell membrane.
Is a fluid inside a cell that contains salts and other
molecules.
Is a network of threadlike proteins that are joined
together.
Is a membrane surrounded component of a eukaryotic
cell with specialized function.
Is a part of a eukaryotic cell that directs cell activities
and contains genetic information stored in DNA.
An outer covering
Are membrane-bound organelles that use light energy
and make food - a sugar called glucose – from water
and carbon dioxide in a process known as
photosynthesis.
Arm, legs claws, and antennae are all types of
appendages.
Are long tail like appendages that whip back and forth
a move a cell.
Are short hair-like structures. They can move a cell or
move molecules away from a cell.
Moves around its watery environment using its cilia.
The genetic material in a prokaryotic cell is not
surrounded by a membrane.
Plants, animals, fungi, and protists are all made up of
eukaryotic cells. Each eukaryotic cell has a genetic
material that is surrounded by a membrane.
DNA is organized into structures called chromosomes.
The nucleolus is often seen as a large dark spot in the
nucleus of a cell.
Surrounding the nucleus are two membranes that
form a structure called the nuclear envelope.
A ribosome is not surrounded by a membrane.
Ribosomes are in a cells cytoplasm.
The ER spreads from the nucleus throughout most of
the cytoplasm’s.
Most eukaryotic cells contain hundreds of organelles
called mitochondria.
ATP is the fuel for cellular processes such as growth,
cell division, and material transport.
Prepares proteins for their specific jobs or functions.
They are organelles that transports substances from
one area of a cell to another area of cell.
Contain substances that help break down and recycle
cellular components.
These are organelles that store food, water and waste
material.
11/17/14
Cell Project
By: Anya Mehta
Cell Project Part 4 --- Animal Cells vs. Plant Cells
By: Anya Mehta
Animal cells and plant cells are very different. For example, the cell wall maintains the shape of a
plant cell, but the cytoskeleton maintains the shape of an animal cell. The shape of both types of cells
makes the plant and animal cell different. The plant cell has a rectangular type of shape, and the animal
cell has a circular type of shape. As I was looking in my textbook for other differences, there was one
that stood out to me. I realized that some parts that are in the animal cell are not in the plant cell, as
well as the plant cell for the animal cell. I also noticed that the cell membrane in the animal cell is like
the cell wall in the plant cell. This is interesting, because although the cells have different parts, those
parts function similarly. Altogether, plant and animal cells have many different features and parts that
make them very different from one another.
Cell Project Part 6 --- Reflection
By: Anya Mehta
I learned throughout this Cell Project that there are many parts in cells. Different cells have their own
way of working and some do the same jobs. I have learned that throughout the process of making the
animal cell there were a lot of challenges. I had to make sure that all parts stayed glued and make sure
they were not moving. Also figuring out how I would cut my Styrofoam was challenging because I had to
make sure I didn’t mess up.