Download Unit 2A Review (KEY) 2A_Cell_Exam_Review_KEY

Unit #2: Cell Review Questions
2.1: Cell Structure & Function
1. Which of the following types of molecules has the primary function of providing a rapidly available energy source for
living things?
a. proteins
b. carbohydrates
c. fats
d. amino acids
2. Which of the following molecules provides building blocks for tissues, transports other molecules, and helps to regulate
certain reactions in the human body?
a. lipids
b. fats
c. carbohydrates
d. proteins
3. Which of the following structures serves as the cell’s boundary from its environment?
a. mitochondria
b. cell membrane
c. chloroplast
d. nucleus
4. A student is examining a cell using a microscope. Which of the following observations about the cell indicates that it
must be a plant cell?
a. its well-defined nucleus
b. its boxlike shape
c. its water-filled vacuole
d. its cell membrane
5. How does a eukaryotic organism differ from a prokaryotic organism?
a. a prokaryotic organism is not made up of cells
b. a prokaryotic organism does not contain genetic information
c. the cells of a prokaryotic organism are smaller than those of a eukaryotic organism
d. the cells of a prokaryotic organism have membrane-bound organelles
6. While observing an Elodea plant cell through a microscope, a student noticed some small, moving green disks. These
organelles were most likely which of the following?
a. chloroplasts
b. leucoplasts
c. mitochondria
d. ribosomes
7. At which organelle are proteins manufactured?
a. mitochondrion
b. nucleus
c. ribosome
d. vacuole
8. A student examines a cell under the microscope and determines that it is a eukaryote. Which structure did the student
identify in order to come to this conclusion?
a. vacuole
b. nucleus
c. cell wall
d. ribosome
9. The major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is the presence or absence of which of the following?
a. membrane-bound organelles
b. cytoplasm
c. a cell membrane
d. nucleic acids
10. Which of the following is found only in eukaryotic cells?
a. cell membrane
b. cytoplasm
c. DNA
d. Mitochondria
11. An environmental toxin is discovered that interferes with certain cellular functions. When affected cells are examined,
it is observed that proteins that are normally found on the plasma membrane are instead found in the cytoplasm. Other
proteins are located improperly as well. Which of the following structures is most likely affected by the toxin?
a. lysosome
b. mitochondria
c. cell wall
d. golgi apparatus
12. Which of the following is not a component of the cell theory?
a. the cell is the basic unit of organization
b. all cells contain a nucleus that controls cell division
c. all organisms are made up of at least one cell
d. all cells come from other, preexisting cells
2.2: Cell Membranes
13. What type of cellular transport requires a cell to use energy?
a. facilitated diffusion
b. active transport
c. osmosis
d. movement of glucose along a concentration gradient
14. In which type of cellular transport do molecules bind to channel proteins in order to move across a selectively
permeable membrane against a concentration gradient?
a. facilitated diffusion
b. active transport
c. diffusion
d. osmosis
15. If an animal cell were placed into a solution of water taken from the ocean, what would immediately happen to the cell?
a. the cell would swell because the water would move into the cell
b. the cell would swell because the water would move out of the cell
c. the cell would shrink because the water would move into the cell
d. the cell would shrink because the water would move out of the cell
16. While cleaning a saltwater aquarium, students placed the aquarium plants in a container of distilled water. What effect
will this have on the plants?
a. the plant cells will separate
b. the plant cells will shrink
c. the plant cells will swell
d. the plant cells will remain the same
17. What is the function of a cell’s selectively permeable membrane?
a. to regulate energy production in the cell
b. to keep mitochondria from using nuclear material
c. to maintain constant lipid-protein ratio in the cell
d. to control materials entering and leaving the cell
18. In the lungs, the movement of carbon dioxide out of cells and oxygen into cells can best be explained by which of the
following processes?
a. active transport
b. diffusion
c. endocytosis
d. osmosis