Download Cell structure and function test review key

Name: ______________________
Period: _____
ACA Cell Structure and Function Test Review Key
1. What color does the starch turn if the dialysis sac is permeable to the iodine? Blue/Black
2. What is the structure that contains the cell’s genetic material? Nucleus
3. What is homeostasis? Process by which organisms keep their internal conditions stable
4. Where are proteins assembled? Ribosomes
5. In plants what provides support and protection to the cell? Cell Wall
6. Which organelle converts chemical energy into more convenient energy for the cell to use?
Mitochondrion
7. Which direction will water move in an isotonic solution? Water will move across the membrane in
both directions
8. Referring to the diagram right: What process is being
illustrated and what kind transport is being shown.
Endocytosis and Exocytosis/ Active transport
9. Why can prokaryotic cells divide quicker than
eukaryotic cells? Eukaryotic cells are more structurally complex than prokaryotic cells.
10. What do lysosomes do for the cell? Break down molecules in the cytoplasm
11. If a eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell had a dye added to each of them that stained only the nucleus
(nuclei), which type of cell would the dye work on and why? Eukaryotic because prokaryotic cells don't
have a nucleus
12. What is the function of the cell membrane? Allows certain molecules to enter and exit the cell
13. Describe selective permeability and which organelle is involved? The cell membrane selects what
can enter and exit the cell
14. Identify which is the prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell below. Cell X is prokaryotic and cell Y is
eukaryotic
15. How can you determine the difference between Prokaryotic and Euakryotic Cells? Eukaryotic have
membrane bound organelles and Prokaryotic do not.
16. What type of cell is described below in the concept map? Plant Cell
17. What is the movement of water displayed below? Osmosis
18. In the Sodium Potassium pump below what type of transport is used? (Active or Passive) and
explain
Active Transport (requires energy), goes through a
transport protein embedded in the cell membrane
19. If a paramecium is placed in a hypertonic environment, what would happen and what organelle will
be used? Water will diffuse out of the paramecium
20. Circle each of the organelles that are responsible for the production of new molecules
Ribosomes—Endoplasmic reticulum—Vacuoles—Ribosomes—lysosomes--Golgi apparatuses—plastids
21. What are the main components of the cell membrane (fluid-mosaic model)? Lipid and Protein
22. What is Passive Transport? Movement of molecules across the cell membrane without
the use of energy. Molecules spread out from an area of high concentration to an area of
low concentration. (High  low)
a. Define each
i. Diffusion: Passive transport; no energy expended. Movement of particles
such as oxygen, carbon dioxide
ii. Facilitated Diffusion: Use of proteins to carry polar molecules or ions across.
iii. Osmosis (Define and draw an example of all 3 solution types in osmosis
(for example, a cell in a solution that is isotonic, hypertonic, hypotonic)
Definition: Movement of water across the membrane
23. What is Active Transport? Requires energy to transport molecules against a concentration
gradient – energy is in the form of ATP. Movement from an area of low concentration to an
area of high concentration (Low  High)
b. Define each and draw an example.
i. Protein pump (Na and K pump)
24. What is the different between animal cells and plant cells?
Small Vacuole
25. What organelle is large and necessary for plant cells but not always necessary and is small or missing
in animal cells. (i.e. it stores water, nutrients and/or waste)
Vacuole
26. Which cell is Eukaryotic and which is Prokaryotic?
Cell X: Smaller than 5 micrometers, does NOT have a nucleus, does NOT have membrane-bound
organelles, has circular DNA
Cell Y: Larger than 10 micrometers, has a membrane-bound nucleus, has membrane-bound
organelles, has linear DNA
Cell X is prokaryotic, Cell Y is eukaryotic
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Hypotonic
Hypotonic
Hypertonic
Isotonic
Isotonic
Hypertonic
Hypertonic
Reference Chart Below